Inflammasomes and Their Role in Diseases

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 PhD Candidate, Department of Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine AND Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Inflammasomes are cytosolic receptors which can detect microbial pathogens and endogenous danger signals resulting from stress or cell damages. Inflammasome complexes are either formed in cytosol by NOD (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain)-like receptor (NLRs) family or the absent in melanoma 2 (Aim2) protein, a member of PYHIN (pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein) family. Inflammasome activation leads to the activation of caspase 1, which in turns leads to the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this review, first the structural features and biological functions of different types of inflammasomes will be discussed and then we will focus on the molecular mechanisms of inflammasomes in several diseases pathogenesis. Understanding these mechanisms will provide us with valuable information underlying disease pathogenesis as well as development of new and effective therapeutic and preventive strategies to combat these disorders.

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Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 304 - Serial Number 304
September and October 2014
Pages 1668-1689

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History

  • Receive Date: 11 March 2014
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

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