Sandfly Fauna in an Endemic Focus for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Dezful District, Iran (2018-2019)

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran

3 Instructor, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

4 PhD Candidate, Department of Health Services Management, School of Medical Sciences, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran

5 Professor, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine and Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: Leishmaniasis is one of the most important vector-born zoonosis diseases that transmits to human by sandfly species. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the most important public health problems in majority areas of Iran. The current study was carried out to identify species of sand flies in Dezful District, Khuzestan Province, Iran.Methods: Sandfly specimens were collected by using sticky traps from indoors and outdoors of different parts of Dezful City during the years 2018-2019. All sandflies were identified by valid identification keys based on external and internal morphological characters of the head and genitalia of both males and females.Findings: 2132 sandflies were collected. 8 species of sandflies from the Psychodidae family and the Phlebotomine subfamily were identified. Phlebotomus papatasi (46%) was the dominant species and Sergentomia squamiplaris (1%) was the non-dominant species in the area. Phlebotomus papatasi with 27.67% of mosquitoes caught as the dominant species indoors, and Sergentomia tibriadis was the dominant species in outdoors with 21.43% of mosquitoes caught. The peak activity of sandflies was in August, September, and October.Conclusion: Due to the suitable climate, prevalence and species diversity of sanflies in Dezful is high. Phlebotomus papatasi sandfly is as the dominant vector species of cutaneous leishmaniasis in this region.

Keywords

References

  1. Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Hanafi-Bojd AA, Akhavan AA, Zahrai-Ramazani AR, Mohebali M. Epidemiological study in a new focus of cutaneous leishmaniosis due to Leishmania major in Ardestan town, central Iran. Acta Trop 2001; 79(2): 115-21.
  2. Soufizadeh A, Farajifar AA, Cherabin M, Badiei F, Cherabin M, Sarli J, et al. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Gonbad Kavoos, North of Iran (2009-11): An epidemiological study. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci 2013; 14(4): 100-6. [In Persian].
  3. Parvizi P, Moradi G, Akbari G, Farahmand M, Ready PD, Piazak N, et al. PCR detection and sequencing of parasite ITS-rDNA gene from reservoirs host of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Iran. Parasitol Res 2008; 103(6): 1273-8.
  4. Nilforoushzadeh MA, Shirani-Bidabadi L, Hosseini SM, Fadaei-Nobari R, Jaffary F. The epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Isfahan Province, Iran, during 2001-2011. J Isfahan Med Sch 2015; 32(315): 2241-51. [In Persian].
  5. Barouti-Ardestani R, Saberi S, Abrishami N, Pestehchian N. The epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ardestan City, Iran, during the Years 2012 to 2019. J Isfahan Med Sch 2020; 38(585): 545-50. [In Persian].
  6. Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Principles of disease prevention and surveyllance. Tehran, Iran: Center for Disease Control; 2007. p. 249-55. [In Persian].
  7. Mirzaie F, Eslami G, Yosefi MH, Pestehchian N. Molecular identification of Leishmania isolates obtained from patients suspected as having cutaneous leishmaniasis referred to reference laboratories from Yazd province in central Iran. Adv Biomed Res 2013; 2: 92.
  8. Jahani MR, Shirzad H. The survey of cutaneous leishmaniasis among police units in Isfahan, Ilam, Bushehr, Korasan and Khuzestan. J Mil Med 2001; 3(3): 97-101. [In Persian].
  9. Ghobadian V. Climate analysis of the Iranian traditional buildings. 4th ed. Tehran, Iran: University of Tehran Press; 2006. p. 110. [In Persian].
  10. Alexander B. Sampling methods for phlebotomine sandflies. Med Vet Entomol 2000; 14(2): 109-22.
  11. Yaghoobi-Ershadi MR, Marvi-Moghadam N, Jafari R, Akhavan AA, Solimani H, Zahrai-Ramazani AR, et al. some epidemiological aspects of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a new focus, central Iran. Dermatol Res Pract 2015; 2015: 286408.
  12. Pour Aein R. Increased incidence of leishmaniasis in Dezful. IRNA (New Code: 81924398) [Online] [cited 2016 Jan 17]; Available from: URL: https://www.irna.ir/news/81924398/
  13. Nejati J, Mojadam M, Hanafi Bojd AA, Keyhani A, Habibi Nodeh F. An epidemiological study of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Andimeshk (2005-2010). J Ilam Univ Med Sci 2014; 21(7): 94-101. [In Persian].
  14. Rassi Y, Abai MR, Javadian E, Rafizadeh S, Imamian H, Mohebali M, et al. Molecular data on vectors and reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Iran. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2008; 101(5): 425-8.
  15. Soufizadeh A. Study on vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kalaleh District, Gorgan Province [MSc Thesis]. Tehran, Iran: School of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 2008. [In Persian].
  16. Kavarizadeh F, Khademvatan S, Vazirianzadeh B, Feizhaddad MH, Zarean M. Molecular characterization of Leishmania parasites isolated from sandflies species of a zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Musiyan south west Iran. J Parasit Dis 2017; 41(1): 274-81.
  17. Kayedi MH, Abdali N, Rostami R. Seasonal activity of sand flies (Diptera Psychodidae) in Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. Nat Sci 2016 ;14(1): 94-9.
  18. Zivdari M, Hejazi SH, Mirhendi SH, Jafari R, Rastegar HA, Abtahi SM. Molecular Identification of Leishmania Parasites in Sand Flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) of an Endemic Foci in Poldokhtar, Iran. Adv Biomed Res 2018; 7: 124.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 38, Issue 593 - Serial Number 593
September and October 2020
Pages 707-713

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 30 July 2020
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics