Effect of Garlic and Lemon Juice Mixture on Fasting Blood Sugar, Diastolic and Systolic Blood Pressure and Body Mass Index in People with Hyperlipidemia

Document Type : Short Communication

Authors

1 Food Security Research Center AND Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Food Security Research Center AND Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

3 PhD Candidate, Food Security Research Center AND Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food sciences, Isfahan University of Medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Background: From ancient times, people believed the role of garlic in lowering blood pressure. However, no study has been done about mixture of garlic and lemon juice. So, this study aimed to investigate the effect of garlic and lemon juice mixture on fasting blood sugar, diastolic and systolic blood pressure and body mass index.Methods: In this study, 120 patients of the age of 30-65 years, with newly diagnosed hyperlipidemia, were randomly divided into 4 equal groups. First group recieved 20 grams of garlic daily, plus 1 tablespoon lemon juice, second group recieved 20 grams garlic daily and the third group recieved 1 tablespoon lemon juice daily, 2 hours after. The fourth group did not receive garlic or lemon juice during 2-monthes intervention. The fasting blood sugar, blood pressure and body mass index levels were measured at the beginning and end of the study.Findings: The garlic and lemon juice mixture, after 8 weeks, significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body mass index, compared with the control group. However, this reduction was not significant compared to the garlic group. The mixture did not have any effect on fasting blood sugar.Conclusion: According to the results, the garlic and lemon juice mixture is not better than garlic alone, in reducing blood pressure and body mass index. Other studies are suggested to be done in different ways to ensure the effectiveness of this product.

Keywords

References

  1. Yang Y، Chan SW، Hu M، Walden R، Tomlinson B. Effects of some common food constituents on cardiovascular disease. ISRN Cardiol 2011; 2011: 397136.
  2. Mobasseri M، Fakhrzadeh H، Pourebrahim R، Nouri M، Shoushtarizade P، Pajuhi M. Evaluation of lipid abnormalities in urban population 25-64 years-old in Tehran University of Medical Sciences (population lab region) 2003. Iran J Diabetes Lipid Disord 2003; 3(1): 53-62. [In Persian].
  3. Khosravi A، Akhavan TA، Golshadi I، Dana SZ، Bahonar A، Zarfeshani S، et al. The relationship between weight and CVD risk factors in a sample population from central Iran (Based on IHHP). ARYA Atheroscler 2012; 8(2): 82-9.
  4. World Health Organization. WHO Global InfoBase [Online]. [cited 2007 Jul 17]; Available from:http://www.who.int/ncd_surveillance/infobase/web/InfoBasePolicyMaker/reports/ReporterFullView.aspxi.
  5. Rahmanian K، Shojaie M. The prevalence of pre-hypertension and its association to established cardiovascular risk factors in south of Iran. BMC Research Notes 2012; 5: 386.
  6. World Health Organization. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) [Online]. [cited 2015 Jan]; Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/en/
  7. Ministry of Health and Medical Education. Health Survey in Iran. Tehran, Iran: Ministry of Health and Medical Education; 2004.
  8. Batsis JA، Lopez-Jimenez F. Cardiovascular risk assessment - From individual risk prediction to estimation of global risk and change in risk in the population. BMC Medicine 2010; 8: 29.
  9. Rahman K، Lowe GM. Garlic and cardiovascular disease: a critical review. J Nutr 2006; 136(3 Suppl): 736S-40S.
  10. Miyake Y، Mochizuki M، Okada M، Hiramitsu M، Morimitsu Y، Osawa T. Isolation of antioxidative phenolic glucosides from lemon juice and their suppressive effect on the expression of blood adhesion molecules. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2007; 71(8): 1911-9.
  11. Silagy CA، Neil HA. A meta-analysis of the effect of garlic on blood pressure. J Hypertens 1994; 12(4): 463-8.
  12. Sial AY، Ahmad SI. Study of the hypotensive action of garlic extract in experimental animals. J Pak Med Assoc 1982; 32(10): 237-9.
  13. Rashid A، Khan HH. The mechanism of hypotensive effect of garlic extract. J Pak Med Assoc 1985; 35(12): 357-62.
  14. Pantoja CV، Chiang LC، Norris BC، Concha JB. Diuretic، natriuretic and hypotensive effects produced by Allium sativum (garlic) in anaesthetized dogs. J Ethnopharmacol 1991; 31(3): 325-31.
  15. Chanderkar AG، Jain PK. Analysis of hypotensive action of Allium sativum (garlic). Ind J Physiol Pharmacol 1973; 17: 132-3.
  16. Banerjee AK. Effect of aqueous extract of garlic on arterial blood pressure of normotensive and hypertensive rats. In: Bessis M، Editor. Artery. Chicago، IL: Hubbord Industries; 1976. p. 369.
  17. Malik ZA، Siddiqui S. Hypotensive effect of freeze-dried garlic (Allium Sativum) sap in dog. J Pak Med Assoc 1981; 31(1): 12-3.
  18. Elkayam A، Mirelman D، Peleg E، Wilchek M، Miron T، Rabinkov A، et al. The effects of allicin and enalapril in fructose-induced hyperinsulinemic hyperlipidemic hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens 2001; 14(4 Pt 1): 377-81.
  19. Ali M، Al-Qattan KK، Al-Enezi F، Khanafer RM، Mustafa T. Effect of allicin from garlic powder on serum lipids and blood pressure in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2000; 62(4): 253-9.
  20. Brandle M، Makdessi S، Weber RK، Dietz K، Jacob R. Prolongation of life span in hypertensive rats by dietary interventions. Effects of garlic and linseed oil. Basic Res Cardiol 1997; 92(4): 223-32.
  21. Qidwai W، Qureshi R، Hasan SN، Azam SI. Effect of dietary garlic (Allium Sativum) on the blood pressure in humans--a pilot study. J Pak Med Assoc 2000; 50(6): 204-7.
  22. König FK، Schneider B. Knoblauch bessert. Durchblutungsstörungen. Ärztliche Praxis، 1986; 38: 344-5.
  23. Harenberg J، Giese C، Zimmermann R. Effect of dried garlic on blood coagulation، fibrinolysis، platelet aggregation and serum cholesterol levels in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia. Atherosclerosis 1988; 74(3): 247-9.
  24. McCrindle BW، Helden E، Conner WT. Garlic extract therapy in children with hypercholesterolemia. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998; 152(11): 1089-94.
  25. Jain AK، Vargas R، Gotzkowsky S، McMahon FG. Can garlic reduce levels of serum lipids? A controlled clinical study. Am J Med 1993; 94(6): 632-5.
  26. Pedraza-Chaverri J، Tapia E، Medina-Campos ON، de Los Angeles GM، Franco M. Garlic prevents hypertension induced by chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. Life Sci 1998; 62(6): L-7.
  27. Rivlin RS. Historical perspective on the use of garlic. J Nutr 2001; 131(3s): 951S-4S.
  28. Ali M، Thomson M. Consumption of a garlic clove a day could be beneficial in preventing thrombosis. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1995; 53(3): 211-2.
  29. Kiesewetter H، Jung F، Pindur G، Jung EM، Mrowietz C، Wenzel E. Effect of garlic on thrombocyte aggregation، microcirculation، and other risk factors. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1991; 29(4): 151-5.
  30. Kathleen Mahan L، Escott-stump s. Krause's food، nutrition، & diet therapy. 10th ed. Philadelphia، PA: W.B. Saunders; 2000.
  31. Ackermann RT، Mulrow CD، Ramirez G، Gardner CD، Morbidoni L، Lawrence VA. Garlic shows promise for improving some cardiovascular risk factors. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161(6): 813-24.
  32. Sheela CG، Augusti KT. Antidiabetic effects of S-allyl cysteine sulphoxide isolated from garlic Allium sativum Linn. Indian J Exp Biol 1992; 30(6): 523-6.
  33. Ahmed RS، Sharma SB. Biochemical studies on combined effects of garlic (Allium sativum Linn) and ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc) in albino rats. Indian J Exp Biol 1997; 35(8): 841-3.
  34. Bordia A، Verma SK، Srivastava KC. Effect of garlic (Allium sativum) on blood lipids، blood sugar، fibrinogen and fibrinolytic activity in patients with coronary artery disease. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids 1988; 58(4): 257-63.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 320 - Serial Number 320
November and December 2015
Pages 2491-2500

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 19 March 2015
  • Revise Date: 02 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics