The prevalence Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Iran (1993-2013): A Systematic Review

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 MSc Student, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Isfahan. Iran

2 PhD student Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran Iran

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GMD) is a growing health problem around the world and is one of the most common complications in pregnancy that have negative impact on mother and newborn. According to the lack of enough available information about the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran and the differences in the results of studies, this systematic study aimed to clear the issue.Methods: A systematic search conducted in PubMed, Google scholar, Medlib, Magiran, and SID databases. Then, the found articles were evaluated using a checklist. 20 articles in the years 1995 to 2013 were enrolled in study.Findings: The overall prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was measured as 5.88% in Iran. The prevalence varied among different studies from 1.3% to 18.6%. The lowest prevalence was in Ardabil (1.3%), and the highest was in Karaj (18.6%).Conclusion: The findings show that the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran is increasing. Evaluating the prevalence in all provinces with identical diagnostic screening method is necessary to estimate the true prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus as well as to provide more accurate information to health policy makers .

Keywords

References

  1. Metzger BE, Buchanan TA, Coustan DR, de Leiva A, Dunger DB, Hadden DR, et al. Summary and recommendations of the Fifth International Workshop-Conference on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 2007; 30(Suppl 2): S251-S260.
  2. Xiong X, Saunders LD, Wang FL, Demianczuk NN. Gestational diabetes mellitus: prevalence, risk factors, maternal and infant outcomes. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2001; 75(3): 221-8.
  3. Catalano PM, Tyzbir ED, Wolfe RR, Calles J, Roman NM, Amini SB, et al. Carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy in control subjects and women with gestational diabetes. Am J Physiol 1993; 264(1 Pt 1): E60-E67.
  4. Kuhl C. Insulin secretion and insulin resistance in pregnancy and GDM. Implications for diagnosis and management. Diabetes 1991; 40(Suppl 2): 18-24.
  5. Ryan EA, O'Sullivan MJ, Skyler JS. Insulin action during pregnancy. Studies with the euglycemic clamp technique. Diabetes 1985; 34(4): 380-9.
  6. Nguyen BT, Cheng YW, Snowden JM, Esakoff TF, Frias AE, Caughey AB. The effect of race/ethnicity on adverse perinatal outcomes among patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 207(4): 322-6.
  7. King H. Epidemiology of glucose intolerance and gestational diabetes in women of childbearing age. Diabetes Care 1998; 21(Suppl 2): B9-13.
  8. Bai J, Bian J, Chai Z, Chen G, Chen H, Chen J, et al. Experimental study of J/ψ radiative decay to π0π0. Physical Review Letters 1998; 81(6): 1179-82.
  9. Reece EA, Homko CJ. Infant of the diabetic mother. Semin Perinatol 1994; 18(5): 459-69.
  10. Atkinson MA, Maclaren NK. The pathogenesis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1994; 331(21): 1428-36.
  11. Redondo MJ, Rewers M, Yu L, Garg S, Pilcher CC, Elliott RB, et al. Genetic determination of islet cell autoimmunity in monozygotic twin, dizygotic twin, and non-twin siblings of patients with type 1 diabetes: prospective twin study. BMJ 1999; 318(7185): 698-702.
  12. O'sullivan JB, Mahan CM. Criteria for the oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy. Diabetes 1964; 13: 278-85.
  13. Di Cianni G, Volpe L, Lencioni C, Miccoli R, Cuccuru I, Ghio A, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for gestational diabetes assessed by universal screening. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2003; 62(2): 131-7.
  14. Solomon CG, Willett WC, Carey VJ, Rich-Edwards J, Hunter DJ, Colditz GA, et al. A prospective study of pregravid determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus. JAMA 1997; 278(13): 1078-83.
  15. Larijani B, Azizi F, Pajouhi M, Bastanhagh MH, Marsosei V, Hossein Nejad A, et al. Prevalence of gestational diabetes in women referring to Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals (1993-1994). Int J Endocrinol Metab 1999; 1(2): 125-33. [In Persian].
  16. Janghorbani M, Enjezab B. Review of epidemiology of gestational diabetes in Iran. J Isfahan Med Sch 2010; 28(110): 510-25. [In Persian].
  17. Khoshniat Nikko M, Abbaszadeh Sh, Larijani B. Review of studies on the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran. Iran J Diabetes Lipid Disord 2008; 8(1): 1-10. [In Persian].
  18. Sayemiri F, Bakhtiari S, Darvishi P, Sayemiri K. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis study. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2012; 15(40): 16-23. [In Persian].
  19. Larijani B, Azizi F, Bastanhagh MH, Pajouhi M, Hoseinnezadeh A. The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in young women. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2002; 4(1): 23-7. [In Persian].
  20. Atashzadeh Shoorideh F. Frequency of gestational diabetes and its related factors in pregnant women in prenatal clinics of educational hospitals, in Tehran (Oct 2000-March 2002). J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2006; 5(3): 175-80. [In Persian].
  21. Garshaspi E, Khoshniat Nikoo SM, Abbasian M, Radjabipour B, Fallah N. The prevalence of gestational diabetes: comparison between carpenter–coustan and NDDG. Iran J Diabetes Lipid Disord 2004; 4(1): 43-9. [In Persain].
  22. Navaei L, Kimiagar M, Kheikhahi M, Azizi F. The epidemiology of diabetes in pregnant women in villages of Tehran. Pajouhesh Dar Pezeshki 2002; 26(3): 217-23. [In Persian].
  23. Hematyar M, Khabiri M. Prevalence of gestational diabetes and comparison of mean maternal age in healthy and gestational diabetic patients at Javaheri hospital (2003-2006). J Qazvin Univ Med Sci 2008; 12(1): 69-73. [In Persain].
  24. Manafi M, Ansari MH, Rabieipour S, Hazhir MS. Gestation diabetes mellitus incidence in the pregnant women referred to Urmia medical centers. Urmia Med J 2008; 19(2): 158-62. [In Persian].
  25. Tabatabaei A, Fallah Z, Haghighi S, Farmani M, Horri N, Eslamian Z, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women of Isfahan, Iran. Iran J Endocrinol Metab 2007; 9(3): 251-9.
  26. Shahbazian HB, Shahbazian N, Yarahmadi M, aeidi S. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women referring to gynecology and obstetrics clinics -. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2012; 11(2): 113-21. [In Persian].
  27. Asnafi N, Taheri B. Incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Babol (North of Iran) (2002-2003). J Gorgan Uni Med Sci 2007; 8(4): 13-7. [In Persian].
  28. Keshavarz M. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Shahrud township. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci 2003; 13(41): 90-7. [In Persian].
  29. Mirfeizi M, Azarian AA, Mirheidari M. Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in pregnant women in Karaj (2008). Iran J Diabetes Lipid Disord 2010; 9(4): 376-82. [In Persian].
  30. Mohammadzadeh F, Mobasheri E, Eshghinia S, Kazeminejhad V, Vakili MA. Prevalence and risk factors of gestational diabetes in pregnant women in Gorgan (2011-2012). Iran J Diabetes Lipid Disord 2012; 12(3): 204-10. [In Persian].
  31. Bouzari Z, Yazdani Sh, Abedi Samakosh M, Mohammadnetaj M, Emamimeybodi S. Prevalence of gestational diabetes and its risk factors in pregnant women referred to Health Centers of Babol, Iran, from september 2010 to march 2012. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2013; 16(43): 6-13. [In Persian].
  32. Rahimi G. The prevalence of gestational diabetes in pregnant women referring to Ardabil health centers, 2003 . J Ardabil Univ Med Sci 2004; 4(3): 32-8. [In Persian].
  33. Hadaegh F, Kheirandish M, Rahimi Sh, Tohidi M. The prevalence of gestational diabetes in pregnant women In Bandar Abbas. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2004; 6(3): 225-33. [In Persain].
  34. Hedayati H, Khazaee T, Mogharrab M, Sharifzadeh GhR. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and overt diabetes in perganant women in Birjand. Modern Care 2012; 8(4): 238-44. [In Persain].
  35. Rahimi M, Rahimi M, Najafi F. Prevalence of gestational diabetes and its risk factors in Kermanshah 2009. Behbood Journal 2010; 14(3): 244-50. [In Persian].
  36. Rajput R, Yadav Y, Nanda S, Rajput M. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus & associated risk factors at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana. Indian J Med Res 2013; 137(4): 728-33.
  37. Hadden DR. Geographic, ethnic, and racial variations in the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1985; 34)Suppl 2): 8-12.
  38. Engelgau MM, Herman WH, Smith PJ, German RR, Aubert RE. The epidemiology of diabetes and pregnancy in the U.S., 1988. Diabetes Care 1995; 18(7): 1029-33.
  39. Hossein-Nezhad A, Maghbooli Z, Vassigh AR, Larijani B. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and pregnancy outcomes in Iranian women. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2007; 46(3): 236-41.
  40. Ben-Haroush A, Yogev Y, Hod M. Epidemiology of gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med 2004; 21(2): 103-13.
  41. Cypryk K, Szymczak W, Czupryniak L, Sobczak M, Lewinski A. Gestational diabetes mellitus - an analysis of risk factors. Endokrynol Pol 2008; 59(5): 393-7.
  42. Rudra CB, Sorensen TK, Leisenring WM, Dashow E, Williams MA. Weight characteristics and height in relation to risk of gestational diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 165(3): 302-8.
  43. Ali HI, Jarrar AH, El SM, Yeatts B. Diet and carbohydrate food knowledge of multi-ethnic women: a comparative analysis of pregnant women with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS One 2013; 8(9): e73486.
  44. Sermer M, Naylor CD, Farine D, Kenshole AB, Ritchie JW, Gare DJ, et al. The Toronto Tri-Hospital Gestational Diabetes Project. A preliminary review. Diabetes Care 1998; 21(Suppl 2): B33-B42.
  45. Gibbons RJ, Balady GJ, Bricker JT, Chaitman BR, Fletcher GF, Froelicher VF, et al. ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for exercise testing: summary article. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee to Update the 1997 Exercise Testing Guidelines). J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40(8): 1531-40.
  46. Kitzmiller JL. Cost analysis of diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2000; 43(1): 140-53.
  47. Anthony M, Berg MJ. Biologic and molecular mechanisms for sex differences in pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics: Part II. J Womens Health Gend Based Med 2002; 11(7): 617-29.
Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 32, Issue 299 - Serial Number 299
July and August 2014
Pages 1396-1412

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 24 May 2014
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics