Coexistence of Cytomegalovirus in Serum of Patients Suffering from Leukemia

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University. Tehran,

2 Professor, Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University. Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University. Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Background: Leukemia begins with the destruction of hematopoietic bone marrow cells, and appears with the turmoil in the blood (immature blood cell proliferation, homeostasis disorder, degrees of inflammation, mutation, immunodeficiency, antioxidant deficiency, and infectious agents). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) as the largest member of the herpes family can cause latent infections for lifetime. Due to its high numbers in Iran, we decided to measure the level of CMV in leukemia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, to quantify its prevalence.Methods: 100 blood serum samples of people with leukemia and 100 healthy controls were collected from hospitals in Tehran City, Iran, and DNA was extracted by phenol-chloroform method. PCR test of CMV was optimized and evaluated for specificity and limit of detection (LOD). Optimized test was performed on all patient and healthy samples along with positive and negative controls. The PCR product was identified by agarose gel electrophoresis.Findings: PCR test was optimized, and 257 bp product was observed in agarose gel electrophoresis. In specificity test, no product other than the CMV sample was observed. LOD was 100 copy/reaction. All healthy controls were negative, and 33% of the samples were CMV positive.Conclusions: This study shows that CMV can be considered as an infectious and influencing factor in leukemia.

Keywords

References

  1. Seyed Sharifi Kakhki AS, Onsory K. Investigation of gene coding for P-120 RasGTPase activating protein in acute myeloid leukemia. J Shahid Sadoughi Univ Med Sci 2018; 25(10): 800-8. [In Persian].
  2. Bonakchi H, Farhangi H, Esmaily H, Doosti H, Forouzannejhad M. Factors affecting survival of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia using competing risks model. J Zanjan Univ Med Sci 2017; 25(110): 123-33. [In Persian].
  3. Ghahremanfard F, Aghabeigi A, Manouchehri E, Pashaei M, Mirmohammadkhani M, Shokrollahi Barough M, et al. Effect of berberine on cancer cell viability of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients in invitro. Koomesh 2017; 19(3): 634-40. [In Persian].
  4. Ehsan M, Abroun S, Anjomshoaa A, Rezapour M, Rezaei Z. Association of alleles and haplotypes of
  5. HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Kerman province. Sci J Iran Blood Transfus Organ 2015; 12(3): 233-43. [In Persian].
  6. Zendehdel K, Sharifian R, Mirzania M, Seddigi S, Vaezi M, Doroudi R, et al. Solution of clinical Medicine-Diagnosis care and treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in Iran. Tehran, Iran: Clinical Knowledge Management of Unit Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 2017. [In Persian].
  7. Zheng QY, Huynh KT, van Zuylen WJ, Craig ME, Rawlinson WD. Cytomegalovirus infection in day care centres: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence of infection in children. Rev Med Virol 2019; 29(1): e2011.
  8. Bartlett AW, Hall BM, Palasanthiran P, McMullan B, Shand AW, Rawlinson WD. Recognition, treatment, and sequelae of congenital cytomegalovirus in Australia: An observational study. J Clin Virol 2018; 108: 121-5.
  9. Yari R, Javadi A, Morovvati A, Shakeri T. Rapid detection and prevalence of cytomegalovirus in infants under three weeks by PCR and real time PCR. J Ilam Univ Med Sci 2016; 24(5): 175-84. [In Persian].
  10. Ljungman P, de la Camara R, Robin C, Crocchiolo R, Einsele H, Hill JA, et al. Guidelines for the management of cytomegalovirus infection in patients with haematological malignancies and after stem cell transplantation from the 2017 European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL 7). Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 19(8): e260-e272.
  11. Francis SS, Wallace AD, Wendt GA, Li L, Liu F, Riley LW, et al. In utero cytomegalovirus infection and development of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Blood 2017; 129(12): 1680-4.
  12. Totadri S, Radhakrishnan V. Successful treatment of cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a child on maintenance chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia without the use of intravenous immunoglobulin. Pediatr Hematol Oncol J 2017; 2(1): 19-20.
  13. Omidian J, Sheikhi-Shooshtari F, Fazeli M. Detection of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in peripheral blood specimens in patients before keratoplasty. Iran J Virol 2016; 10(2): 58-62. [In Persian].
  14. Moradi G, Rasouli MA, Fathi F, Ghaderi B, Nikkhoo B, Roshani D, et al. Evaluation of the survival rate and its related factors in patients with leukemia in Kurdistan Province. Sci J Kurdistan Univ Med Sci 2018; 23(2): 12-20. [In Persian].
  15. Saffar A, Rahgozar M, Shahi F, Biglarian A. Survival analysis of acute myeloid leukemia. Razi J Med Sci 2015; 22(134): 41-8. [In Persian].
  16. Rostami E, mohammadi m, Bagheri S. Investigation of MDM2 gene promoter polymorphism (SNP309) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in Khuzestan Province. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2018; 17(2): 187-94. [In Persian].
  17. van der Heiden P, Marijt E, Falkenburg F, Jedema I. Control of cytomegalovirus viremia after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: A review on CMV-specific T cell reconstitution. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018; 24(9): 1776-82.
  18. Handous I, Achour B, Marzouk M, Rouis S, Hazgui O, Brini I, et al. Co-infections of human herpesviruses (CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7 and EBV) in non-transplant acute leukemia patients undergoing chemotherapy. Virol J 2020; 17(1): 37.
  19. Inagaki J, Noguchi M, Kurauchi K, Tanioka S, Fukano R, Okamura J. Effect of cytomegalovirus reactivation on relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in pediatric acute leukemia. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2016; 22(2): 300-6.
  20. Agarwal M, Singh A, Guru V, Seth R. Is coexisting cytomegalovirus infection and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia associated with poor prognostic outcome? Pediatr Hematol Oncol J 2016; 1: S16.
  21. Radestad AF, Estekizadeh A, Cui HL, Kostopoulou ON, Davoudi B, Hirschberg AL, et al. Impact of human cytomegalovirus infection and its immune response on survival of patients with ovarian cancer. Transl Oncol 2018; 11(6): 1292-300.
  22. Sepahvand P, Makvandi M, Samarbafzadeh A, Talaei-Zadeh A, Ranjbari N, Nisi N, et al. Human cytomegalovirus DNA among women with breast cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20(8): 2275-9.
  23. Shaheli M, Yaghobi R, Rezaeian A, Iravani SM, Ramzi M. Study of the associations between TT virus single and mixed infections with leukemia. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2015; 8(4): e18212.
  24. Phasuk N, Keatkla J, Rattanasiri S, Techasaensiri C, Anurathapan U, Apiwattanakul N. Monitoring of cytomegalovirus infection in non-transplant pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients during chemotherapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98(4): e14256.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 29 July 2020
  • Revise Date: 01 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics