Journal of Isfahan Medical School

Journal of Isfahan Medical School

Intravenous Dexamethasone vs. Ketamine Gargle vs. Intravenous Dexamethasone Combined with Ketamine Gargle for Evaluation of Post-Operative Sore Throat and Hoarseness: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Document Type : Original Article (s)

Authors
Sayed Mohammadreza Safavi 1
Azim Honarmand 1
Arghavan Fariborzifar 2
Shahnaz Barvarz 3
Mahnaz Soleimani 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Student of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Anesthesia, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
4 Department of Nursing, Ayatollah Kashani Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Background: Sore throat and hoarseness are the most frequent subjective complaints after tracheal intubation for general anesthesia. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone plus ketamine gargle for reducing the incidence and severity of post-operative sore throat (POST) and hoarseness.Methods: 140 patients (aged 16-65 years) scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated into four groups of 35 subjects: group K gargled 40 mg ketamine in 30 ml saline; group D were infused 0.2 mg/kg intravenous (IV) dexamethasone; group KD gargled 40 mg ketamine in 30 ml saline plus 0.2 mg/kg intravenous dexamethasone; and group P (placebo) received saline (gargle and IV). POST was graded at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 hours after operation on a four-point scale (0–3).Findings: The incidence and severity of POST were significantly lower in group KD, compared with the other groups at all times after tracheal extubation for up to 24 hours (P < 0.05). Also, the incidence and severity of hoarseness were significantly lower in groups of KD, K and D compared with group P (P < 0.05).Conclusion: The prophylactic use of 0.2 mg/kg of intravenous dexamethasone plus ketamine gargle significantly reduced the incidence and severity of POST compared with using each of these drugs alone or using placebo.
Keywords
Ketamine
Dexamethasone
Gargle
Sore throat
Hoarseness
Tracheal intubation
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Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 31, Issue 242 - Serial Number 242
May and June 2013
Pages 933-943

  • Receive Date 18 April 2013
  • Accept Date 06 April 2022