Ritalin Abuse and its Complications

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

1 Student, Department of Psychology, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

2 Student, Farzanegan Gifted-Scholars High School-1, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center AND Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran

5 PhD Student, Department of Psychology, School of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran

6 Associate Professor, Cellular and Molecular Research Center AND Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Ritalin is a methylphenidate and a stimulant of the nervous system. Its Pharmacological effects are similar to amphetamines. Ritalin is used in hyperactive children and in some cases of brain trauma usually in the form of tablets. It has been the most effective and common drug for treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for years. Ritalin has a high potential for abuse, particularly in some students use it to increase focus in order to success in exams. Use of high-dose Ritalin via intravenous and inhalation or intranasal administration can cause many complications similar to cocaine and amphetamine. These complications include violent behavior, hallucinations, hyperexcitability, irritability, panic, and psychosis. In some animal models, structural damage to the nervous system and other organs has been reported. So, distribution and usage of Ritalin should accurately be controlled and monitored to prevent its abuse.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Volume 35, Issue 420 - Serial Number 420
January and February 2017
Pages 170-176

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History

  • Receive Date: 16 January 2017
  • Revise Date: 09 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 06 April 2022

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