The Effect of a Self-Management Model Based on the 5A Framework on Three-Month Glycemic Control (HbA1c) Among Adolescents Aged 15–18 Years with Diabetes Referred to Diabetes Clinics of Teaching Hospitals in Mashhad in 2025

Mokhtarinia, Bahman; .sayahpoor, Sara.; Salehi, Aliyeh; Askarpour, Rezvan; Hekmati Pour, Nafiseh

doi:10.48305/jims.2026.46660.3183

The Effect of a Self-Management Model Based on the 5A Framework on Three-Month Glycemic Control (HbA1c) Among Adolescents Aged 15–18 Years with Diabetes Referred to Diabetes Clinics of Teaching Hospitals in Mashhad in 2025

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Document Type : Original Article(s)

Authors

Bahman Mokhtarinia ¹

sara. .sayahpoor ²

Aliyeh Salehi ³

Rezvan Askarpour ⁴

Nafiseh Hekmati Pour ²

¹ School of Paramedical, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran

² Department of Nursing , AK.C., Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran

³ Department of Nursing, Vice President of Treatment, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran

⁴ Department of Nursing and Midwifery, TMS.C.Mehrvash Hoseinpour, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

10.48305/jims.2026.46660.3183

Abstract

Introduction:Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease during adolescence that requires active patient participation and the development of self-management skills for effective control. Adolescence is a challenging period for achieving optimal glycemic control due to physiological, psychological, and social changes. Strengthening self-care behaviors and providing structured support can contribute to reducing complications and improving health outcomes. The 5A model, emphasizing individual assessment, education, collaborative goal setting, practical support, and continuous follow-up, provides an empowering approach to disease management. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a self-management model based on the 5A framework on three-month glycemic control (HbA1c) among adolescents aged 15–18 years with type 1 diabetes.
Methods:This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted using a pretest–posttest design with a three-month follow-up in 1404 (2025) at diabetes clinics of teaching hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. Thirty eligible adolescents were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups using simple randomization. The intervention group received six weekly 45-minute self-management training sessions based

Highlights

Nafiseh Hekmati Pour: Google Scholar , PubMed

Keywords

Self-management

5A model

Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)

Adolescents

Type 1 diabetes

Subjects