Document Type : Original Article(s)
Authors
1
Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2
Associate Professor of Medical Immunology, Department of Immunology, Applied Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3
Expert in Laboratory Sciences, seyedoshohada hospital, Isfahan, Iran
4
Master's Student in Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5
Assistant Professor of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Thalassemia patients requiring frequent blood transfusions are continuously exposed to red blood cell antigens. Identifying ABO system subgroups—specifically A₁ and A₂—can be significant in investigating certain serological incompatibilities.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2024 on 930 thalassemia patients visiting Seyyed-al-Shohada Hospital in Isfahan. ABO blood groups were determined using forward (cell) and reverse (serum) typing methods. Differentiation of subtypes A₁, A₂, A₁B, and A₂B was performed using commercial antiserum and anti-A₁ lectin derived from Dolichos biflorus seeds using a tube method. The presence of anti-A₁ antibodies was also assessed in individuals with A₂ and A₂B subgroups.
Results: Among the 930 patients, blood group O was observed in 351 (37.7%), B in 267 (28.7%), A in 264 (28.4%), and AB in 48 (5.2%). Among individuals with blood group A, 211 (79.9%) belonged to subgroup A₁ and 53 (20.1%) to subgroup A₂. In the AB group, subgroup A₁B was identified in 41 individuals (85.4%) and A₂B in 7 (14.6%). Anti-A₁ antibodies were detected in 5 out of the 60 individuals with A₂ and A₂B subgroups (8.3%). Conclusion: In the studied population, A₂ and A₂B subgroups, as well as anti-A₁ antibodies, were identified in a subset of patients with thalassemia. However, determining the diagnostic accuracy of this method and the clinical significance of the findings requires further studies.
Highlights
Nahid Eskandari: Google Scholar ,PubMed
Behrooz Ghezelbash: Google Scholar ,PubMed
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