چه دلایلی برای انتخاب حرفه‌ی روان‌پزشکی وجود دارد؟ همه‌پرسی 277 دستیار و متخصص روان‌پزشکی ایرانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری و گروه روان‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشجوی پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی و کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 پزشک عمومی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: از شواهد امر چنین بر می‌آید که دانش‌آموختگان پزشکی در غرب علاقه‌ی چندانی به ادامه‌ی تحصیل در رشته‌ی روان‌پزشکی ندارند. در این زمینه، برای دانش‌آموختگان ایرانی مطالعه‌ی مستندی یافت نشد. هدف اصلی این مطالعه، دستیابی به دلایل متقنی است که دستیاران روان‌پزشکی و دانش‌آموختگان این رشته، یعنی روان‌پزشکان را به انتخاب این حرفه‌ی تخصصی سوق داده است.روش‌ها: جامعه‌ی پژوهش در این مطالعه‌ی‌ مقطعی- توصیفی، 1183 دانش‌آموخته‌ی رشته‌ی روان‌پزشکی و دستیاران کل کشور در سال 1391 بودند. یک پرسش‌نامه‌ی 65 سؤالی که در برگیرنده‌ی دلایل متعدد مربوط به چهار دوره‌ی زندگی حرفه‌ای شرکت کنندگان (قبل از ورود به رشته‌ی پزشکی، حین تحصیل، بعد از فراغت از تحصیل در پزشکی عمومی و در زمان انتخاب رشته) بود، بین آن‌ها توزیع گردید که 277 نفر پرسش‌نامه‌های کامل شده را مرجوع نمودند. داده‌های خام به کمک نرم‌افزار SPSS و اجرای آزمون‌های توصیفی، تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.یافته‌ها: میانگین سنی شرکت کنندگان در مطالعه 0/7 ± 3/39 سال و بالغ بر نیمی از آن‌ها (57 درصد) مرد بودند. بیش از 70 درصد شرکت کنندگان، متخصصین روان‌پزشکی بودند. تجارب و عوامل مربوط به دوران تحصیل پزشکی عمومی، بیشترین تأثیر را از نظر پاسخ دهندگان داشتند. متخصصان نسبت به دستیاران، این مرحله را بیشتر مؤثر دانستند که در این بین «اهمیت درمان بیماری‌های روانی در آینده» در دستیاران و «شخصیت و سلوک استادان و دستیاران روان‌پزشکی و رشته‌های مرتبط» در بین متخصصان بیشترین فراوانی را داشت. در بین متخصصان، عوامل مربوط به بعد از فراغت از تحصیل پزشکی عمومی تأثیر نسبی در انتخاب رشته داشت که در این میان گزینه‌ی «احساس مسؤولیت در قبال بیماران روانی» و در مورد دستیاران «شخصیت روان‌پزشکان و سایر دست اندر کاران» بیشترین فروانی را داشت. عوامل مؤثر حین انتخاب رشته، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین دستیاران و متخصصان داشت؛ دستیاران «سهولت نسبی و کشیک‌های کم استرس» و متخصصین «علاقه» را بیشترین علت ذکر کرده بودند. در زنان و مردان، تفاوت معنی‌دار در پاسخ‌ها مشاهده نشد.نتیجه‌گیری: طبق نتایج مطالعه‌ی حاضر، به نظر می‌رسد که دلایل شرکت کنندگان گاهی مشترک و در پاره‌ای زمینه‌ها متفاوت بود. این تفاوت‌ها، با توجه به تجارب متفاوت زندگی شرکت کنندگان در مطالعه، قابل توجیه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

What Are the Reasons for Choosing Psychiatry as a Profession? A Survey of 277 Iranian Residents and Psychiatrists

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamhossein Ahmadzadeh 1
  • Gholamreza Ghassemi 2
  • Bahar Pourroshani 3
  • Pedram Khalighinejad 3
  • Neda Masjedi 4
1 Associate Professor, Behavioral Sciences Research Center AND Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Medical Education Research Center (MERC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Student of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 General Practitioner, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Lack of interest to undertake psychiatry as a specialization is well documented. This study was an endeavor to reveal the underlying factors encouraged a group of medical graduates in Iran to peruse their higher education in psychiatry.Methods: The study sample, 277 psychiatrists and residents randomly selected, filled up a paper-pencil questionnaire with 65 items pertaining to factors prior to medicine, during medical course, and after completion of medicine. Data were analyzed using SPSS.16 and running couple of analytical and descriptive tests.Findings: The mean age of studied samples was 39.3 ± 7.0 years and more than half of them were men (57%). Majority of the participants were full-fledged psychiatrists. Over all, the participants claimed that their encounters and experiences during medical course motivated them to turn into psychiatry. For majority of psychiatrists, “the need for treatment of psychiatric patients” and for residents “personality and manner of psychiatric teachers” left more influence on them. Among factors after graduation, “sense of responsibility towards psychiatric patients” and “personality and attitude of mental health personnel toward psychiatric patients” turned out as important factors for psychiatrists and residents, respectively. At the time of appearing for specialization exam, “interest” and “low stress during training” were equally important for both.Conclusion: Full-fledged psychiatrists and residents shared common interest in persuading psychiatry as a specialization. Their differences came from their personal experiences during their training course.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Psychiatry
  • Residency in psychiatry
  • Psychiatry course
  • Factors in choosing psychiatry
  • Iran
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