تایپینگ مولکولی سویه‌های Staphylococcus Aureus مقاوم به متی‌سیلین جدا شده از بیماران بستری در بخش مراقبت‌های ویژه‌ی بیمارستان‌های شهر تهران در سال 1395 بر اساس الگوی agr

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه میکروبیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: Staphylococcus aureus، از جمله شایع‌ترین عفونت‌های بیمارستانی به شمار می‌رود. افزایش عفونت‌های ناشی از این باکتری و مقاومت آن به بسیاری از آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها، باعث بروز مشکلات بسیاری شده است. هدف از انجام مطالعه‌ی حاضر، بررسی مولکولی Staphylococcus aureus مقاوم به متی‌سیلین (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus یا MRSA) جدا شده از بیماران بستری در Intensive care unit (ICU) بیمارستان‌های شهر تهران بود.روش‌ها: در این پژوهش، 443 نمونه‌ی بالینی جهت جداسازی MRSA مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و 125 نمونه‌ وارد مطالعه شد. پس از جداسازی MRSA، مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی ایزوله‌های جداسازی شده به روش انتشار دیسک در آگار (Disk diffusion) بررسی گردید. در ادامه، تمامی سویه‌های MRSA از نظر وجود ژن‌های کد کننده‌ی توکسین Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) و Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST) با استفاده از تکنیک Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و در نهایت، تایپینگ agr با استفاده از تکنیک Multiplex PCR تعیین شد.یافته‌ها: بیشترین میزان مقاومت نسبت به آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های پنی‌سیلین (122 مورد، 6/97 درصد)، کانامایسین (105 مورد، 0/84 درصد) و جنتامایسین (95 مورد، 0/76 درصد) بود. در میان 125 گونه‌ی MRSA، شایع‌ترین ژن به tst (84 مورد، 0/67 درصد) و سپس ژن pvl (25 مورد، 0/20 درصد) اختصاص یافت. شایع‌ترین نوع agr نیز به تایپ I با فراوانی 0/52 درصد، تایپ III با فراوانی4/34 درصد، تایپ II با فراوانی 6/9 درصد و تایپ IV با فراوانی 0/4 درصد تعلق داشت.نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاکی از افزایش قابل توجه مقاومت Staphylococcus aureus نسبت به آنتی‌بیوتیک‌های مختلف بود که هشداری جدی جهت درمان عفونت‌های ناشی از Staphylococcus aureus می‌باشد. بنابراین، سیاست مصرف این آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها باید مورد بازبینی قرار گیرد. همچنین، الگوی تولید توکسین و مقاومت آنتی‌بیوتیکی در بین سویه‌های با agr تایپ مختلف، متفاوت بود و پیشنهاد می‌شود که خصوصیات مولکولی سویه‌ها به صورت دوره‌ای مورد بررسی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Molecular Typing of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Isolated from Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units of Hospitals in Tehran City, Iran, Based on agr Pattern

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Nasirian 1
  • Sara Saadatmand 2
  • Mehdi Goudarzi 3
1 MSc Student, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most commonly diagnosed infections in hospitals. Increased infections caused by this bacterium and its resistance to many antibiotics is leading to increasing morbidity and mortality in the hospital setting. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular status of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) of hospitals in Tehran City, Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed by analyzing 125 MRSA strains isolated from hospitalized patients in ICUs. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates was assessed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. MRSA strains were genetically typed by agr typing and virulence and adhesion genes profile via conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.Findings: Of 443 clinical studied samples, 125 MRSA strains were observed. The highest resistance rates were observed for penicillin antibodies (122, 97.6%), kanamycin (105, 84.0%), and gentamicin (95, 76.0%). Frequency of pvl and tst genes was 67.2% and 20%, respectively. Type I was the most prevalent agr type (52.0%), followed by type III (34.4%), type II (9.6%), type I 5(5.3%), and type IV (4%). All the isolates carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-encoding genes and high-level mupirocin-resistance (HLMUPR)-MRSA strains corresponded exclusively to agr type I.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the increased resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to different antibiotics, which is a serious warning for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infection in the region. Therefore, in order to avoid resistance to other antibiotics, uncontrolled and unnecessary administration of antibiotics should be avoided.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Methicillin resistance
  • Molecular typing
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