بررسی میزان آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد پزشکان عمومی تهران در خصوص تجویز و مصرف منطقی دارو

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دستیار تخصصی، گروه داروسازی بالینی، دانشکده‌ی داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دکتری عمومی داروسازی، دانشکده‌ی داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

3 پزشکی عمومی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه داروسازی بالینی، دانشکده‌ی داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

قدمه: با توجه به نقش مهم پزشکان عمومی در تجویز دارو، جهت پیش‌گیری از تجویز غیر منطقی، به کارگیری دقت و مهارت لازم توسط این افراد ضروری می‌باشد. مطالعه‌ی حاضر، با هدف بررسی میزان آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد صحیح پزشکان عمومی در تجویز منطقی دارو و عوامل مؤثر بر آن طراحی گردید.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی توصیفی- مقطعی که در شهر تهران انجام شد، میزان آگاهی و نگرش 135 پزشک عمومی در زمینه‌ی تجویز و مصرف منطقی دارو با پرسش‌نامه و میزان عملکرد آنان توسط چک لیست مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پرسش‌نامه‌ها و چک لیست‌ها توسط بیمارنماهای آموزش دیده (بیمار استاندارد) پس از ویزیت پزشک به دقت تکمیل شد.یافته‌ها: 3/79 درصد پزشکان عمومی از آگاهی کافی و 9/45 درصد از آنان نگرش مثبت و خیلی مثبت در زمینه‌ی تجویز و مصرف منطقی دارو برخوردار بودند. 4/50 درصد پزشکان نیز عملکرد مناسبی در زمینه‌ی تجویز منطقی دارو داشتند. نتایج نشان داد عملکرد پزشکان در دو گروه جنسی اختلاف معنی‌داری دارد (1/2 = t، 030/0 = P). همچنین، سن (160/0- = R، 005/0 = P) و سابقه‌ی شغلی پزشکان (230/0- = R، 006/0 = P) با میزان آگاهی، و منطقه‌ی جغرافیایی مطب با آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد آنان (4/2 = F، 001/0 = P) ارتباط معنی‌داری داشت.نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد پزشکان عمومی شهر تهران از آگاهی خوبی در زمینه‌ی تجویز و مصرف منطقی دارو برخوردارند، اما بیشتر نگرش مثبت لازم را در این زمینه ندارند و عملکرد متوسطی را از خود به نمایش می‌گذارند. بدین ترتیب، ضروری است در جهت بهبود نگرش و ارتقای عملکرد پزشکان عمومی مداخلات لازم صورت گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice about Rational Prescribing and Use of Drugs among General Practitioners in Tehran City, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Bita Shahrami 1
  • Maliheh Shahbalaei 2
  • Ali Hamzeh-Zadeh 3
  • Mansoor Rastegarpanah 4
1 Resident, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Pharmacist, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 General Practitioner, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Accuracy and expertise are the essential factors that must be applied by general practitioners (GPs) due to their important role in preventing irrational prescribing. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the rational use of drugs among general practitioners, and affecting factors.Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in Tehran City, Iran, the knowledge and attitude of 135 general practitioners in the area of rational prescribing and use of drugs were assessed using a questionnaire and their performance was checked via a checklist. Checklists were carefully completed by trained patients (standard patient) following a doctor's visit.Findings: 79.3% of general practitioners had good knowledge, and 45.9% of them had positive attitudes toward rational prescribing and use of drugs. 50.4% of physicians also had good performance in the field of rational drug prescribing. Physicians’ performance or practice was significantly different in the two sex groups (P = 0.03, t = 2.1). In addition, it was a significant relationship between physicians’ age (P = 0.006, R = -0.23) and occupational history (P = 0.005, R = -0.16) with knowledge level, and between the geographical area of the office with physicians’ knowledge, attitude, and practice. (P = 0.001, F = 2.4).Conclusion: It seems that general practitioners in Tehran City have a good knowledge of the rational prescribing and use of drugs, but most of them do not have a positive attitude in this regard and display a modest performance. Therefore, it is necessary to intervene in order to improve the attitudes and performance among general practitioners. It is necessary that some interventions should be done to promote physicians’ attitude and practice in terms of rational use of drugs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drug prescribing
  • Drug utilization evaluation
  • Knowledge
  • Attitudes
  • Practice
  • General practitioners

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 36، شماره 469 - شماره پیاپی 469
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1397
صفحه 156-167

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 شهریور 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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