مقابله با نارسایی اولیه‌ی تخمدان در زنان ایرانی: یک مطالعه‌ی کیفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی سلامت باروری، کمیته‌ی پژوهشی دانشجویان، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات آندوکرینولوژی تولید مثل، پژوهشکده‌ی علوم غدد درون‌ریز و متابولیسم، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، پژوهشکده‌ی سبک زندگی، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه‌اله (عج)، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات مامایی و بهداشت باروری، گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده‌ی پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

5 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات پروتئومیکس و گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده‌ی پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: نارسایی اولیه‌ی تخمدان، به عنوان یائسگی قبل از 40 سالگی تعریف می‌شود. زنان مبتلا، علاوه بر عوارض جسمانی، با مشکلات روانی- اجتماعی بسیاری مواجه هستند که می‌تواند کیفیت زندگی آن‌ها را کاهش دهد. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی چگونگی مقابله‌ی زنان ایرانی با نارسایی اولیه‌ی تخمدان بود.روش‌ها: این مطالعه‌ی کیفی با استفاده از مصاحبه‌ی عمیق نیمه ساختار یافته بر روی 16 نفر از زنان دارای نارسایی اولیه‌ی تخمدان انجام شد که به صورت نمونه‌گیری مبتنی بر هدف انتخاب گردیدند. مصاحبه با شرکت کنندگان، با روش تحلیل محتوا مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: چگونگی مقابله‌ی زنان با نارسایی اولیه‌ی تخمدان در چهار طبقه‌ی اصلی تاب‌آوری (تطابق با زندگی، معنویت، رشد پس از سانحه و کسب اطلاعات)؛ نگرش نسبت به بیماری (باورهای غلط و مثبت‌اندیشی)؛ تلاش برای مدیریت سلامتی (اصلاح شیوه‌ی زندگی،کاستن خطر، راه‌کارهای پیش‌گیرانه و مادری غیر ژنتیکی) و جستجوی حمایت (همسر، خانواده، دوستان، تیم درمانی و دولت) دسته‌بندی شد.نتیجه‌گیری: نیاز مبرمی به ارتباط مؤثر و حمایتی، ارایه‌ی اطلاعات دقیق و خدمات مشاوره‌ای به این دسته از زنان از سوی درمانگران احساس می‌شود. همچنین، ایجاد پایگاه‌های اینترنتی جهت ارایه‌ی اطلاعات صحیح و تشکیل گروه‌های حمایتی مجازی به تطابق این افراد کمک می‌کند. در کنار این عوامل، دولت می‌تواند با پوشش بیمه‌ای خدمات سلامت باروری، راه سازگاری را بر آنان هموار سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Coping with Primary Ovarian Insufficiency in Iranian Women: A Qualitative Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samira Golezar 1
  • Fahimeh Ramezani-Tehrani 2
  • Abbas Ebadi 3
  • Zohreh Keshavarz 4
  • Farid Zayeri 5
1 PhD Candidate in Reproductive Health, Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Research Institute, School of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Proteomics Research Center AND Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Primary ovarian insufficiency is known as menopause before the age of 40 years. The afflicted women face both physical complications and various psychosocial problems capable of reducing their quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the way Iranian women coped with the disease.Methods: This was a qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 16 women with primary ovarian insufficiency selected via purposive sampling method. The data from interviews were then analyzed using content analysis method.Findings: Four main categories emerged for the way Iranian women with primary ovarian insufficiency confronted the disease: resilience (adaptation to life, spirituality, posttraumatic growth, and obtaining information), attitude towards the disease (wrong beliefs vs. positivism), attempts to manage health (life style modification, risk reduction, preventive measures, and non-genetic motherhood), and seeking support (from spouse, family, friends, healthcare team, and the government).Conclusion: There is a strong need to provide these women with effective and supportive relationships, as well as accurate information and consultation services. Moreover, creating websites for accurate information provision and forming virtual support groups helps them get adapted. Besides, the government can facilitate their adaptation with the disease through fertility insurance coverage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Coping skills
  • Primary ovarian insufficiency
  • Qualitative Evaluation
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