مروری بر ویژگی‌های ژنومی کرونا ویروس جدید (2019-nCoV) و چشم‌اندازهای پیش رو در پاتوژنز و درمان عفونت کووید ۱۹

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

1 محقق پسا دکتری، دکتری ژنتیک مولکولی، گروه انگل‌شناسی و قارچ‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه انگل‌شناسی و قارچ‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: شیوع بیماری Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) ناشی از ویروس Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) دسته‌ی کروناویروس‌ها موسوم به 2019-nCoV، از اواخر سال ۲۰۱۹ میلادی در چین و در پی آن در دیگر کشورها، هنوز موضوع اصلی و مورد توجه در همه‌ی مجامع علمی و اجتماعی دنیا می‌باشد. با توجه به نوظهور بودن این ویروس، کسب اطلاعاتی درمورد تشابه یا تفاوت‌های آن با سایر ویروس‌های این خانواده، ویژگی‌های ژنتیک، چرخه‌ی بیولوژیک و چگونگی عملکرد پاتولوژیک آن، می‌تواند کمک شایانی در اتخاذ راهبردهای دقیق‌تر و بازدهی بالاتر در شناخت، کنترل و درمان بیماری حاصل از آن داشته باشد.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی مروری نقلی، تلاش شده است تا با جمع‌بندی مختصری از گزارش‌های متعدد علمی از دسامبر 2019 تا آپریل 2020 در زمینه‌ی مشخصات ویروس، ویژگی‌های ژنوم آن و ارزیابی با شواهد علمی از پیش موجود در زمینه‌ی کروناویروس‌ها، راهکارهای پیش رو در پاتوژنز، درمان و طراحی و تولید واکسن علیه آن ارایه شود.یافته‌ها: واکاوی و مقایسه‌ی ژنوم کروناویروس جدید با دیگر اعضای این خانواده، نشان دهنده‌ی شباهت زیاد بخش‌های مختلف ژنوم با انواع بیماری‌زای قبلی SARS و (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) MERS می‌باشد و منشأگیری آن از گونه‌هایی با میزبان خفاش را نشان می‌دهد.نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به اضطرار شناخت و معرفی راهکارهای درمانی و پیش‌گیرانه در پاندمی حاضر، شناخت مکانیسم‌های مولکولی درگیر در تکثیر و عفونت‌زایی ویروس بر پایه‌ی شباهت ژنوم آن با دیگر هم‌خانواده‌های کرونا ویروسی و همچنین، ویروس‌های دیگر، امکان پیش‌بینی راهبردهای فوری و امیدبخش را در مواجهه با ویروس فراهم می‌آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Overview on the Genomic Characteristics of the New Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and the Prospective in Pathogenesis and Treatment of COVID-19 Infection

نویسندگان [English]

  • Somayeh Mirzaaghaei 1
  • Hossein Mirhendi 2
1 PhD in Molecular Genetics, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Emergence of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection (coronavirus disease-2019 or COVID-19) in China since late 2019 and its global distribution has attracted a big international attention. As 2019-nCov is an emerging pathogen, extending our knowledge about the similarities/differences of this virus with other members of the Coronaviridae family, its genetic characteristics, and pathogenesis could be beneficial to develop better strategies of diagnosis, control, and treatment. This pandemic disease is still so new to be fully identified, and there is a long way ahead for complete characterization of SARS-COV-2 and its disease.Methods: In this study, we investigated the most recent publications from December 2019 to April 2020 on general and genetic features of SARS-COV-2, evaluating the results with primarily approved data about coronaviruses.Findings: Genetic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 comparing with primarily introduced species indicated high similarity with SARS and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) indicating bat source of the emergence.Conclusion: Approving the molecular biologic and pathologic similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and previously studied viruses provides prospective for pathogenesis, therapeutics, and development of vaccines, which is more valuable in emergencies of this new pandemic infection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • : Coronavirus
  • COVID-19
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Genomics
  • Therapeutics

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 38، شماره 587 - شماره پیاپی 587
مهر و آبان 1399
صفحه 589-601

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 اردیبهشت 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 07 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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