عملکرد آندوکرینی استخوان، شاخص مقاومت به انسولین و نیمرخ لیپیدی دختران کم‌ تحرک پس از 4 هفته تمرین پلایومتریک با شدت بالا

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 استاد، گروه فیزیولوژی، پژوهشکده‌ی سلامت، مرکز تحقیقات دیابت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی‌شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: فعالیت ‌بدنی و ورزش، می‌تواند استخوان‌ها را تحت‌تأثیر قرار دهد و با آزادسازی استئوکاینی نظیر استئوکلسین‌ غیرکربوکسیله در متابولیسم گلوکز و چربی شرکت ‌کند. بنابراین، هدف از انجام پژوهش‌حاضر، بررسی تأثیر 4 هفته تمرین ‌پلایومتریک با شدت ‌بالا بر سطوح ‌سرمی استئوکلسین‌ غیر کربوکسیله، شاخص مقاومت ‌به ‌انسولین و اجزای نیمرخ‌ لیپیدی در دختران کم تحرک بود.روش‌ها: پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه ‌تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون بود. شرکت‌ کنندگان، 24 دانشجوی دختر غیر فعال با میانگین ‌سنی 53/1 ± 16/24 سال و شاخص‌ توده‌ی ‌بدنی 01/1 ± 22/22 کیلوگرم/متر‌مربع بودند که ‌به ‌طور تصادفی به 2 گروه مورد (تمرین ‌پلایومتریک) (12 = n) و شاهد (12 = n) تقسیم شدند. گروه تمرین به مدت 4 هفته به تمرینات پلایومتریک (3 جلسه در هفته) پرداختند. در حالی‌ که گروه شاهد هیچ‌ گونه فعالیت بدنی منظمی نداشتند. نمونه‌ی خونی قبل و پس از دوره‌ی ‌مداخله برای ارزیابی سطوح‌سرمی‌ استئوکلسین غیر کربوکسیله، اجزای نیمرخ لیپیدی، گلوکز، انسولین و مقاومت ‌به انسولین گرفته شد. برای تحلیل داده‌ها، از روش‌های آماری Independent t و Dependent t استفاده شد (050/0 > P).یافته‌ها: کاهش‌ معنی‌داری در سطوح ‌سرمی گلوکز خون (035/0 = P)، شاخص مقاومت به انسولین (040/0 = P) و برخی متغیرهای نیمرخ لیپیدی مانند کلسترول‌ تام (040/0 = P) و Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (025/0 = P) در گروه مورد مشاهده شد. همچنین، کاهش‌معنی‌دار سطوح‌ سرمی گلوکز خون (025/0 = P)، شاخص مقاومت‌ به ‎انسولین (030/0 = P) و تغییر معنی‌دار استئوکلسین ‌غیر کربوکسیله و اجزای نیمرخ‌ لیپیدی در گروه‌ مورد نسبت به گروه شاهد وجود نداشت.نتیجه‌گیری: کاهش‌ معنی‌داری در سطح گلوکز خون، شاخص‌مقاومت به انسولین و بهبود برخی از اجزای نیمرخ لیپیدی در دختران غیر فعال مشاهده شد که به‌نظر می‌رسد مستقل از تغییرات شاخص عملکرد آندوکرینی استخوان (استئوکلسین ‌غیر کربوکسیله) باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Bone Endocrine Function, Insulin Resistance Index, and Lipid Profile of Inactive Girls after 4 Weeks of High-Intensity Plyometric Training

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Fakhri 1
  • Akram Ahangarpour 2
  • Abdolhamid Habibi 3
  • Aliakbar Alizadeh 4
  • Somaye Fakhri 1
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Physiology, Health Research Institute, Diabetes Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Physical activity and exercise can affect the bones, and participate in glucose and fat metabolism by releasing osteokines such as under-carboxylated osteocalcin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high-intensity plyometric training on serum levels of under-carboxylated osteocalcin, insulin resistance index, and lipid profile components in inactive girls.Methods: This was a semi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design. 24 inactive girl students with mean age of 24.16 ± 1.53 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 22.22 ± 1.01 kg/m2 were randomly divided into two equal groups of Plyometric training and control. The exercise protocol was performed for 4 weeks (three session per week), while the control group did not have any regular physical activity. Blood samples were obtained before and after the intervention period for under-carboxylated osteocalcin, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance measures. The data were analyzed using independent and dependent t-test (P < 0.050).Findings: There was a significant decrease in blood glucose level (P = 0.035), insulin resistance index (P = 0.040), and some lipid profile parameters such as cholesterol (P = 0.040) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P = 0.025) in the training group. Moreover, a significant decrease was seen in blood glucose serum level (P = 0.025) and insulin resistance index (P = 0.030), with no significant change in under-carboxylated osteocalcin and lipid profile components in the exercise group compared to the control.Conclusion: A significant reduction was observed in blood glucose serum levels, insulin resistance index, and improvement of some lipid profile components in inactive girls, which appeared to be independent of changes in bone endocrine function index (under-carboxylated osteocalcin).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bone
  • Lipids
  • Plyometric exercise
  • Glucose
  • Metabolism

مراجع

  1. Gholami F, Ebrahim K, Ahmadizad SJ, Dabaq Nikukheslat S, Rahbaran A. The concurrent effect of endurance training and garlic supplementation on body composition and lipid profile in sedentary young males. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci 2013; 35(1): 52-9. [In Persian].
  2. Czech MP. Insulin action and resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Nat Med 2017; 23(7): 804-14.
  3. Hosseini A, Khoshsovt F, Ahmadi M, Azarbayjani M A, Salehi O, Farkhaie F. Effects of Aloe vera and swimming training on lipid profile of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Nutr Food Sci Res 2020; 7(1): 9-16.
  4. Pandey A, Khan HR, Alex NS, Puttaraju M, Chandrasekaran TT, Rudraiah M. Under-carboxylated osteocalcin regulates glucose and lipid metabolism during pregnancy and lactation in rats. J Endocrinol Invest 2020; 43(8): 1081-95.
  5. Mera P, Ferron M, Mosialou I. Regulation of energy metabolism by bone-derived hormones. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2018; 8(6): a031666.
  6. Zoch ML, Clemens TL, Riddle RC. New insights into the biology of osteocalcin. Bone 2016; 82: 42-9.
  7. Liu JJ, Toy WC, Wong MD, Tan CS, Tavintharan S, Wong MS, et al. Elevated undercarboxylated and reduced carboxylated osteocalcin are associated with metabolic syndrome in middle age Asian females. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2013; 121(6): 329-33.
  8. Zhou B, Li H, Liu J, Xu L, Guo Q, Zang W, et al. Autophagic dysfunction is improved by intermittent administration of osteocalcin in obese mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40(5): 833-43.
  9. Yeap BB, Alfonso H, Chubb SA, Gauci R, Byrnes E, Beilby JP, et al. Higher serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin and other bone turnover markers are associated with reduced diabetes risk and lower estradiol concentrations in older men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100(1): 63-71.
  10. MohammadHossein O, Mohammad F. The role of physical activity and exercise in prevention of non-communicable chronic diseases in Iran. J Isfahan Med Sch 2020; 38(582): 477-88. [In Persian].
  11. Ghorbanian B, Shokrollahi F. The effects of rope training on Paraoxonase-1 enzyme, insulin resistance and lipid profiles in inactive girls. Tehran Univ Med J 2017; 75(4): 307-15. [In Persian].
  12. Davies G, Riemann BL, Manske R. Current concepts of plyometric exercise. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2015; 10(6): 760-86.
  13. Barillas SR, Watkins CM, Wong MA, Dobbs IJ, Archer DC, Munger CN, et al. Repeated plyometric exercise attenuates blood glucose in healthy adults. Int J Exerc Sci 2017; 10(7): 1076-84.
  14. Moreno SD, Brown LE, Coburn JW, Judelson DA. Effect of cluster sets on plyometric jump power. J Strength Cond Res 2014; 28(9): 2424-8.
  15. Rostamizadeh M, Elmieh A, Rahmaninia F. The effect of aerobic and resistance exercises on serum osteocalcin levels, insulin resistance and pancreas beta cell function in overweight men: A clinical trial. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2019; 18(1): 55-70. [In Persian].
  16. Chahla SE, Frohnert BI, Thomas W, Kelly AS, Nathan BM, Polgreen LE. Higher daily physical activity is associated with higher osteocalcin levels in adolescents. Prev Med Rep 2015; 2: 568-71.
  17. Alipour Y, Abbassi Daloii A, Barari A, Abdi A. Effects of resistance training on serum levels of undercarboxylated osteocalcin, adiponectin and insulin sensitivity in obese women. Tehran Univ Med J 2015; 73(9): 668-73. [In Persian].
  18. Witzke KA, Snow CM. Effects of plyometric jump training on bone mass in adolescent girls. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2000; 32(6): 1051-7.
  19. Singh F, Foster C, Tod D, McGuigan MR. Monitoring different types of resistance training using session rating of perceived exertion. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2007; 2(1): 34-45.
  20. Birgani GA, Ahangarpour A, Khorsandi L, Moghaddam HF. Anti-diabetic effect of betulinic acid on streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic male mouse model. Braz J Pharm Sci 2018; 54(2): e17171.
  21. Colleluori G, Napoli N, Phadnis U, Armamento-Villareal R, Villareal DT. Effect of Weight Loss, Exercise, or Both on Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin and Insulin Secretion in Frail, Obese Older Adults. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017; 2017: 4807046.
  22. Wiklund P, Nordstrom A, Hogstrom M, Alfredson H, Engstrom P, Gustafsson T, et al. High-impact loading on the skeleton is associated with a decrease in glucose levels in young men. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012; 77(6): 823-7.
  23. Kamali K, Abbassi Daloii A, Abdi A, Ziaolhagh SJ, Barari A. Effect of 8-weeks aerobic training on undercarboxylated osteocalcin, hs-CRP and inisulin resistance in ovreweight women. J Sabzevar Univ Med Sci 2015; 22(5): 823-31. [In Persian].
  24. Franck H, Beuker F, Gurk S. The effect of physical activity on bone turnover in young adults. Exp Clin Endocrinol 1991; 98(1): 42-6.
  25. Mohammad Rahimi GR, Niyazi A, Alaee S. The effect of exercise training on osteocalcin, adipocytokines, and insulin resistance: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Osteoporos Int 2020. [Epub ahead of print].
  26. Paschalis V, Nikolaidis MG, Theodorou AA, Panayiotou G, Fatouros IG, Koutedakis Y, et al. A weekly bout of eccentric exercise is sufficient to induce health-promoting effects. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011; 43(1): 64-73.
  27. Racil G, Zouhal H, Elmontassar W, Ben Abderrahmane A, De Sousa MV, Chamari K, et al. Plyometric exercise combined with high-intensity interval training improves metabolic abnormalities in young obese females more so than interval training alone. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41(1): 103-9.
  28. Sjoberg KA, Frosig C, Kjobsted R, Sylow L, Kleinert M, Betik AC, et al. Exercise increases human skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity via coordinated increases in microvascular perfusion and molecular signaling. Diabetes 2017; 66(6): 1501-10.
  29. Lee NK, Sowa H, Hinoi E, Ferron M, Ahn JD, Confavreux C, et al. Endocrine regulation of energy metabolism by the skeleton. Cell 2007; 130(3): 456-69.
  30. Lin X, Brennan-Speranza TC, Levinger I, Yeap BB. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin: Experimental and human evidence for a role in glucose homeostasis and muscle regulation of insulin sensitivity. Nutrients 2018; 10(7): 847.
  31. Morelli C, Avolio E, Galluccio A, Caparello G, Manes E, Ferraro S, et al. Impact of vigorous-intensity physical activity on body composition parameters, lipid profile markers, and irisin levels in adolescents: A cross-sectional study. Nutrients 2020; 12(3): 742.
  32. Khairandish R, Ranjbar R, Habibi A. Effects of pilates training on body composition, lipid profile and some physical fitness parameters in sedentary obese women. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2018; 17(1): 49-61. [In Persian].
  33. Batacan RB, Duncan MJ, Dalbo VJ, Tucker PS, Fenning AS. Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies. Br J Sports Med 2017; 51(6): 494-503.
  34. (Vainionpaa A, Korpelainen R, Kaikkonen H, Knip M, Leppaluoto J, Jamsa T. Effect of impact exercise on physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007; 39(5): 756-63.
  35. Magni P, Macchi C, Sirtori CR, Corsi Romanelli MM. Osteocalcin as a potential risk biomarker for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Clin Chem Lab Med 2016; 54(10): 1579-87.
  36. Bao Y, Zhou M, Lu Z, Li H, Wang Y, Sun L, et al. Serum levels of osteocalcin are inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome and the severity of coronary artery disease in Chinese men. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2011; 75(2): 196-201.
  37. Chen Y, Zhao Q, Du G, Xu Y. Association between serum osteocalcin and glucose/lipid metabolism in Chinese Han and Uygur populations with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Xinjiang: Two cross-sectional studies. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16(1): 139.

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 29 فروردین 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار