بررسی اثربخشی استفاده از بازی کنترل تکانه بر تکانشگری و مشکلات رفتاری کودکان نقص توجه/ بیش‌فعال- تکانشگر 12-8 ساله

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه روان‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دستیار، گروه روان‌پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: اختلال نقص توجه/ بیش‌فعالی، یک عارضه‌ی عصبی روانی است که کودکان، نوجوانان و بزرگسالان را به خود مبتلا می‌کند و چون کنترل تکانه، بخش عمده‌ای از مشکلات زندگی این افراد می‌باشد، باید به آن‌ها آموخت که چگونه تکانه‌های خود را کنترل نمایند. این پژوهش، با هدف تعیین اثربخشی بازی کنترل تکانه بر تکانشگری و مشکلات رفتاری کودکان دارای اختلال نقص توجه/ بیش‌فعال- تکانشگر انجام شد.روش‌ها: این پژوهش، از نوع کارآزمایی بالینی شاهددار تصادفی بود. جامعه‌ی آماری شامل 60 نفر از کودکان نقص توجه/ بیش فعال- تکانشگر در محدوده‌ی سنی 12-8 ساله بود که به طور تصادفی، به دو گروه مورد و شاهد 30 نفره تقسیم شدند. با کودکان گروه مورد به مدت هشت هفته و دو بار در هفته و هر بار به مدت 45 دقیقه بازی کنترل تکانه انجام شد. پس از مداخله، پرسش‌نامه‌ی توانایی‌ها و مشکلات (Strengths and difficulties questionnaire یا SDQ) توسط خانواده‌ها و معلمین تکمیل و آزمون عملکرد مداوم (Continuous performance test یا CPT) انجام شد. به منظور پی‌گیری اثرات مداخله، یک ماه بعد ارزیابی‌ها تکرار شد. هم‌زمان در گروه شاهد یک بازی خنثی انجام شد. هر دو گروه در طول انجام پژوهش، داروی ریتالین را به صورت همسان سازی شده به میزان 10 میلی‌گرم در روز مصرف می‌کردند.یافته‌ها: بین آزمودنی‌ها در گروه‌های مورد و شاهد از لحاظ نمره‌ی کنترل تکانه، تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود نداشت، اما از لحاظ نمرات مشکلات کلی، مشکلات رفتاری، مشکلات با همسالان و افزایش رفتار مطلوب اجتماعی از نظر والدین تفاوت معنی‌داری با (05/0 > P) به دست آمد. از نظر معلم در نمرات مشکلات کلی، تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت (05/0 > P)، اما در سایر زیر گروه‌ها تفاوت معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد.نتیجه‌گیری: بازی کنترل تکانه در کودکان بیش‌فعال/ نقص توجه توانست در طول زمان باعث بهبود مشکلات رفتاری شود، اما بر روی تکانشگری در این بیماران، تأثیر چشم‌گیری نداشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Investigation of Efficacy of Impulse Control Game on Impulsivity and Behavioral Problems as an Adjuvant Therapy among 8-12-Year-Old Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Najafi 1
  • Mohammad Javad Tarrahi 2
  • Ahmad Taraffoe 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Resident, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurological disorder that affects children, adolescents, and adults. As the impulse control is a major part of their problems, they must learn how to control these impulses. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of impulse control game on impulsivity and behavioral problems of children with ADHD.Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. The statistical population included 60 children with ADHD at the range of 8-12 years. They were randomly divided into two equal groups of intervention and control. For the children in intervention group, the impulse control game was performed for eight weeks, twice a week for 45 minutes each time. After the intervention, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Continuous Performance Test (CPT) were completed by the parents and teachers. Assessments were repeated one month later to track the effects of the intervention. At the same time, a neutral game was played in the control group. During the study, both groups took Ritalin 10 mg daily.Finding: There was not significant difference in impulse control between subjects in the intervention group and control group. However, in terms of grades of general problems, behavioral problems, problems with peers, and increasing socially desirable behavior in terms of parents, significant differences were obtained with (P < 0.05). According to the teacher, there was a significant difference in the scores of general problems (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in other subgroups.Conclusion: Impulse control game in improved behavioral problems over time in children with ADHD. However, it did not have a significant effect on impulsivity in these patients.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Video games
  • Impulse control disorders
  • Problem behavior
  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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