Background: Nephrogenic adenomas in children, similar to adults, are rare benign lesions that often occur in patients with a history of previous surgery or chronic irritation of the urinary tract. These lesions often appear with hematuria and appear as polypoid or papillary lesions in cystoscopy and may have a differential diagnosis with malignant lesions. Most of the patients have a history of bladder augmentation, recurrent urinary tract infections, and urinary stones. So far, no case of nephrogenic adenoma has been reported in children following vesicostomy site prolapse.
Case Report: We report a case of nephrogenic adenoma in the bladder of a 2-year-old boy with a history of vesicostomy and vesicostomy prolapse and repeated surgery on the bladder. Vesicostomy was performed due to bilateral vesicoureteral reflux and posterior vesicoureteral valve. After performing two surgeries to correct the vesicostomy site, the vesicostomy was closed at the age of 18 months following resection of the posterior urethral valve, and in the follow-up ultrasound at the age of 2 years, a 2 cm mass was seen in the posterior wall of the bladder, and in the pathology report of the resected mass Nephrogenic adenoma is reported.
Conclusion: Prolapse of the vesicostomy and continuous irritation of the bladder mucosa can cause nephrogenic adenoma in the child's bladder.