A systematic review and meta-analysis reported a significant association between physical inactivity and an increased risk of low back pain in both adults and children. Other risk factors such as prolonged sitting, driving, watching television, and using computers or mobile phones were also identified. Factors such as obesity and smoking were also independently associated with an increased risk of low back pain.

As a modifiable risk factor, physical inactivity plays an important role in increasing the prevalence of low back pain. A synthesis of the scientific evidence indicates that lifestyle modifications and reduced sedentary time can substantially impact the prevention of low back pain. However, achieving optimal outcomes requires collaboration across various sectors, including health systems, workplaces, and educational settings. Designing educational programs, creating dynamic work environments, and encouraging regular physical activity are some of the strategies that can help reduce the burden of back pain. Following these recommendations can improve spinal health and quality of life in the long term