Introduction: This study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of the type of antibiotic used on the outcome of trauma patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit:

Methods: In this study, 231 trauma patients from Intensive Care Units of Al-Zahra Hospital that 81 were diagnosed with ventilator-dependent pneumonia were studied and the clinical characteristics, type of antibiotic, and duration were investigated. The type of bacteria causing VAP, the duration of ventilation, the duration of hospitalization in ICU and the interval between the start of mechanical ventilation and the occurrence of VAP were investigated and analyzed according to the stage of the disease (complete improvement, partial improvement, death).

Findings: The most common bacteria causing VAP was Klebsiella pneumoniae (29.6%), Enterobacter (21%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16%). The most common antibiotics used were cephalosporin, carbapenem, fluoquinolone, and aminoglycosides, respectively. 18 patients (22.2%) recovered completely, 38 patients (46.9%) recovered partially, and 25 patients (30.9%) died. Having an underlying disease, the duration of mechanical ventilation and the duration of hospitalization in the intensive care unit had a significant effect on increasing the chance of death, and the use of cephalosporin, clindamycin and carbapenem had a significant effect on reducing mortality.

Conclusion: incidence of ventilator-dependent pneumonia in trauma patients hospitalized in intensive care units is high, and choosing the right antibiotic with the microbial strains that produce VAP can be effective in the reducing the chance of mortality.