Background: Fatigue is one of the most disabling and common symptoms in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In the context of this narrative review, efforts have been directed to establish effective non-pharmacologic, pharmacologic, and nursing intervention in the management of MS fatigue
Methods: A comprehensive search across various databases was conducted using customized strategies and keywords for each platform. Articles satisfying the inclusion criteria up to 2024 were included, and 58 appropriate articles were included in this narrative review.
Findings: It was found that non-pharmacologic interventions included physiotherapy, regular exercise, psychological counseling, sleep management, and healthy nutrition,. Pharmacologic approaches such as use of stimulants and antidepressants were also found to be effective in minimizing fatigue.
Conclusion: Fatigue has been defined legally as decreased capacity to do after effort or mental and is very prevalent among MS patients. Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS), and Unidimensional Fatigue Impact Scale (U-FIS) are the most frequently used fatigue rating scales. Amantadine, fampridine, aspirin, modafinil, and methylphenidate are usually prescribed by physicians to reduce fatigue in MS patients. The patient needs to be taught by the nurses regarding the potential side effects and needs to be watched carefully. Music therapy, meditation, yoga, sleep hygiene, subsequently followed strictly by diet by it, and depression and stress management are some of the non-pharmacologic measures that also diminish the fatigue. Intervention for fatigue and studies of the effect of nursing intervention on long-term MS patient alleviation of fatigue are definitely the cry of the day.