مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان

مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان

تحلیل اپیدمیولوژیک و بالینی اسپوندیلودیسکیت سلی: یک مطالعه‌ی ۱۰ ساله در بیمارستان امام خمینی

نوع مقاله : Original Article(s)

نویسندگان
1 گروه عفونی، مجتمع بیمارستانی امام خمینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران
2 دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران
3 گروه رادیولوژی، مجتمع بیمارستانی امام خمینی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران
10.48305/jims.v44.i874.2063
چکیده
مقدمه: مایکوباکتریوم توبرکلوزیس، از علل مهم اسپوندیلودیسکیت مزمن به‌ویژه در نواحی اندمیک می‌باشد. با توجه به ماهیت موذی و مزمن این بیماری، تأخیر در تشخیص می‌تواند منجر به تخریب شدید ساختاری و بدشکلی‌های جبران‌ناپذیر ستون فقرات گردد. از این‌رو، تبیین دقیق ویژگی‌های اپیدمیولوژیک و بالینی این بیماران جهت ارتقای شاخص تشخیصی و کاهش مورتالیته و ناتوانی‌های حرکتی ضرورت دارد.
روش‌ها: این مطالعه‌ی توصیفی- مقطعی، بر روی ۸۹ بیمار مبتلا به اسپوندیلودیسکیت سلی مسجل شده (بر اساس معیارهای بافت‌شناسی، میکروبیولوژیک و یافته‌های تصویربرداری همگام با پاسخ به درمان) ارجاعی به بیمارستان امام خمینی تهران از سال ۱۳۸۹ تا ۱۳۹۹ انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: میانگین سنی مبتلایان 18/16 ± 34/51 سال بود؛ 4/85 درصد ایرانی و 6/14 دصد اتباع افغانستان بودند. میانگین شمارش گلبول‌های سفید (WBC) بیماران در بدو ورود 7/4 × 103/μL گزارش شد. فراوان‌ترین شکایت زمان مراجعه، درد ستون فقرات (2/86 درصد) و پس از آن تب (1/76 درصد)، کاهش وزن (4/40 درصد) و بی‌اشتهایی (0/36 درصد) بود. درگیری همزمان ریه و پلور به ترتیب در 6/32 و 2/11 درصد موارد مشاهده شد. از نظر موقعیت آناتومیک، درگیری ناحیه توراسیک 7/51 درصد، لومبار 7/42 درصد و سگمنت انتقالی توراکولومبار (مهره‌های تحتانی سینه و فوقانی کمری) 0/9 درصد بود. آبسه اپیدورال در 4/58 درصد، پاراورتبرال در ۵۵/۰ درصد و آبسه پسواس در 8/25 درصد بیماران گزارش شد. تمامی بیماران تحت رژیم استاندارد چهاردارویی ضد سل قرار گرفتند و مداخله جراحی (عمدتاً لامینکتومی) در 6/32 درصد موارد انجام پذیرفت.
نتیجه‌گیری: اسپوندیلودیسکیت سلی کماکان یکی از علل مهم دفورمیتی‌های شدید ستون فقرات و عوارض نورولوژیک است. تشخیص زودهنگام و ارزیابی دقیق پاراکلینیکی جهت آغاز به‌موقع درمان آنتی‌مایکوباکتریال برای پیشگیری از ناتوانی‌های دائمی توصیه می‌شود.

تازه های تحقیق

انسیه رحیمی: Google Scholar, PubMed

سارا قادرخانی: Google Scholar

کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Epidemiological and Clinical Analysis of Tuberculous Spondylodiscitis: A 10-Year Study at Imam Khomeini Hospital

نویسندگان English

Ensiyeh Rahimi 1
Fateme Nazari 2
Fereshteh Ghiasvand 1
Faeze Salahshour 3
Sara Ghaderkhani 1
1 Department of Infectious Disease, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Radiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains one of the major causes of chronic spondylodiscitis, particularly in endemic regions. Due to the insidious and chronic nature of the disease, delayed diagnosis may result in severe structural destruction and irreversible spinal deformities. Therefore, precise characterization of the epidemiological and clinical features of affected patients is essential to improve diagnostic accuracy and reduce mortality and long-term neurological disability.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 89 patients with confirmed tuberculous spondylodiscitis referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital between 2010-2020. Diagnosis was established based on histopathological, microbiological, and radiological findings together with clinical response to anti-tuberculosis therapy.
Results: The mean age of patients was 51.34 ± 16.18 years. Among them, 85.4% were Iranian nationals and 14.6% were Afghan. The mean white blood cell (WBC) count at admission was 7.4 × 10³/μL. The most common presenting complaint was spinal pain (86.2%), followed by fever (76.1%), weight loss (40.4%), and anorexia (36.0%). Concomitant pulmonary and pleural involvement was observed in 23.6% and 11.2% of patients, respectively. Regarding anatomical distribution, thoracic involvement was present in 51.7%, lumbar involvement in 42.7%, and thoracolumbar junction involvement in 9.0% of cases. Epidural abscesses were detected in 58.4%, paravertebral abscesses in 55.0%, and psoas abscesses in 25.8% of patients. All patients received standard four-drug anti-tuberculosis therapy, while surgical intervention, mainly laminectomy, was performed in 32.6% of cases.
Discussion: Tuberculous spondylodiscitis remains an important cause of severe spinal deformities and neurological complications. Early diagnosis and comprehensive paraclinical evaluation are strongly recommended to ensure timely initiation of anti-mycobacterial therapy and prevent permanent disability.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Tuberculosis
Spinal
Spondylodiscitis
Spine / abnormalities
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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دوره 44، شماره 874
هفته 1، مهر
مهر و آبان 1405
صفحه 2063-2071

  • تاریخ دریافت 09 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 09 مهر 1405