شیوع سرمی آلودگی به عفونت سایتومگالوویروس در استان اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات بیماریهای عفونی و گرمسیری، مرکز تحقیقات ارتقای سلامت کودکان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات بیماری‌های عفونی و گرمسیری، مرکز تحقیقات ارتقای سلامت کودکان و کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دستیار پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات بیماریهای عفونی و گرمسیری، مرکز تحقیقات ارتقای سلامت کودکان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 مرکز تحقیقات بیماریهای عفونی و گرمسیری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

5 متخصص پزشکی اجتماعی، مرکز تحقیقات بیماریهای عفونی و گرمسیری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: سایتومگالوویروس یکی از شایع‌ترین عوامل ایجاد کننده‌ی ناهنجاری‌های مادرزادی مانند کری و عقب ماندگی ذهنی است. شیوع این ویروس در جمعیت‌ها و سنین مختلف متفاوت می‌باشد. در این مطالعه بر آن شدیم تا شیوع سایتومگالوویروس و عوامل مؤثر بر آن را در استان اصفهان جهت ارائه‌ی راهکارهای مؤثر تعیین کنیم.روش‌ها: بر روی 595 نمونه‌ی سرم که به صورت خوشه‌ای از گروه‌های سنی مختلف انتخاب شده بود آزمایش Anti cmv IgG توسط روش ELISA انجام شد.یافته‌ها: از 595 نمونه‌ی سرم بررسی شده 586 مورد مثبت و 9 مورد از نظر آنتی‌بادی منفی بود و در کل شیوع سایتومگالوویروس 2/98 درصد گزارش شد. در ضمن شیوع سرمی آنتی‌بادی سایتومگالوویروس بر حسب سطح تحصیلات، تعداد افراد خانوار، جنسیت، محل سکونت و وضعیت تأهل تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت.نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاکی از آن بود که مانند سایر کشورهای در حال توسعه اکثر افراد قبل از سن بلوغ با ویروس آلوده شده‌اند و رابطه‌ی جنسی نقش چندانی در انتقال عفونت ندارد. بنابراین انجام ازمایشات بدو تولد از جمله PCR ادرار از نظر عفونت CMV (Cytomegalovirus) و یا انجام آزمایش‌های شنوایی مکرر و سپس انجام PCR در صورت اختلال شنوایی معقول است. همچنین توصیه می‌شود احتیاط لازم در زمینه‌ی تزریق خون اشعه دیده در بیماران مبتلا به نقص ایمنی و نوزادان نارس انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Seroprevalence of Human Cytomegalovirus Diseases in Isfahan, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sayed Nasser Mostafavi 1
  • Behrooz Ataei 1
  • Asma Salehi 2
  • Zari Nokhodian 3
  • Majid Yaran 4
  • Anahita Babak 5
1 Associate Professor, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Child Health Promotion Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Student of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Child Health Promotion Research Center And Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Research Assistant, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Child Health Promotion Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5 Community and Preventive Medicine Specialist, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is one of the commonest agents that cause congenital malformation such as mental retardation and deafness. Seroprevalence of HCMV varies in different populations and age groups. This study tried to determine the seroprevalence and contributory factors of CMV in order to develop successful strategies for HCMV diseases prevention.Methods: We examined 595 serum samples from different age groups for the presence of IgG antibodies against HCMV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.Findings: Overall, 586 out of 595 cases were seropositive for HCMV-IgG while 9 cases were seronegative. Educational level, sex, marital status, and place of residence were not associated with CMV seropositivity. Conclusion: Our results indicated that in Isfahan, Similar to other developing countries, most patients are infected during puberty and not through sexual intercourse. Therefore, frequent audiological assessments and urine samples to evaluate CMV in case of defect in hearing ability are mandatory. We also recommend transmission of eradicated blood for immunocompromised patient and immature neonates.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Congenital disorders
  • ELISA technique
  1. Toaabadi FA, Babaeie GH, Hashemi A, Broumand B, Shaiegan M. Comparison of anti-CMV (IgG-IgM) serologic prevalence among controls and patients under maintenance hemodialysis candidate for renal transplantation. Hakim 2001; 4(4): 243-7.
  2. Candeias JA, Stewien KE, Barbosa V. Serological study of infections caused by Cytomegalovirus. Rev Saude Publica 1974; 8(3): 257-63.
  3. Staras SA, Dollard SC, Radford KW, Flanders WD, Pass RF, Cannon MJ. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in the United States, 1988-1994. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43(9): 1143-51.
  4. Soderberg-Naucler C, Nelson JY. Human cytomegalovirus latency and reactivation - a delicate balance between the virus and its host's immune system. Intervirology 1999; 42(5-6): 314-21.
  5. Hamprecht K, Maschmann J, Vochem M, Dietz K, Speer CP, Jahn G. Epidemiology of transmission of cytomegalovirus from mother to preterm infant by breastfeeding. Lancet 2001; 357(9255): 513-8.
  6. Fowler KB, McCollister FP, Dahle AJ, Boppana S, Britt WJ, Pass RF. Progressive and fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss in children with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection. J Pediatr 1997; 130(4): 624-30.
  7. Adler SP. Cytomegalovirus transmission among children in day care, their mothers and caretakers. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1988; 7(4): 279-85.
  8. Karimi N. Seroepidemiology of CMV in 1-15 years children [PhD Thesis]. Tehran: Tehran University of Medical Sciences; 1994.
  9. Rajaii Oskuii M, Rahnama B. Detection of specific CMV- IgG and IgM in 230 pregnant women in Tabriz. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Science & Health Service 1997; 35: 42-5.
  10. Maleki Habashi H. Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirusinfection [PhD Thesis]. Tehran: Tehran Universityof Medical Sciences; 1991.
  11. Ataman S, Colak D, Gunseren F, Senol Y, Colak T, Aktekin MR, et al. [Investigation of cytomegalovirus seroepidemiology in Antalya with a population-based cross-sectional study and review of related data in Turkey]. Mikrobiyol Bul 2007; 41(4): 545-55.
  12. Prabhakar P, Bailey A, Smikle MF, Ashley D. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in a selected population in Jamaica. West Indian Med J 1992; 41(4): 133-5.
  13. Hamkar R, Azarian B, Saadatmand Z, Nouruzbabaie Z, Eslamlu F, Mokhtari T. Seroepidemiologic study of cytomegalocovirus inunder 45 years old peoPle in orumie. Inf Dis Iranian J 2005; 10(31): 29-33.
  14. Seale H, MacIntyre CR, Gidding HF, Backhouse JL, Dwyer DE, Gilbert L. National serosurvey of cytomegalovirus in Australia. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2006; 13(11): 1181-4.
  15. De Ory MF, Sanz Moreno JC, Castaneda LR, Ramirez FR, Leon RP, Pachon dA, I. Cytomegalovirus seroepidemiology in the community of Madrid. Rev Esp Salud Publica 2001; 75(1): 55-62.
  16. Adjei AA, Armah HB, Gbagbo F, Boamah I, Adu-Gyamfi C, Asare I. Seroprevalence of HHV-8, CMV, and EBV among the general population in Ghana, West Africa. BMC Infect Dis 2008; 8: 111.
  17. Lopo S, Vinagre E, Palminha P, Paixao MT, Nogueira P, Freitas MG. Seroprevalence to cytomegalovirus in the Portuguese population, 2002-2003. Euro Surveill 2011; 16(25).
  18. Almeida LN, Azevedo RS, Amaku M, Massad E. Cytomegalovirus seroepidemiology in an urban community of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2001; 35(2): 124-9.
  19. Hizel S, Parker S, Onde U. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection among children and females in Ankara, Turkey, 1995. Pediatr Int 1999; 41(5): 506-9.
  20. Stroffolini T, Ngatchu T, Chiaramonte M, Giammanco A, Maggio M, Sarzana A, et al. Prevalence of cytomegalovirus seropositivity in an urban childhood population in Cameroon. New Microbiol 1993; 16(1): 83-5.
  21. Shen CY, Chang WW, Chang SF, Chao MF, Huang ES, Wu CW. Seroepidemiology of cytomegalovirus infection among children between the ages of 4 and 12 years in Taiwan. J Med Virol 1992; 37(1): 72-5.
  22. de MD, Stroffolini T, Arista S, Pistoia D, Giammanco A, Maggio M, et al. Prevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in Italy. Epidemiol Infect 1991; 107(2): 421-7.
  23. Staras SA, Dollard SC, Radford KW, Flanders WD, Pass RF, Cannon MJ. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus infection in the United States, 1988-1994. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 43(9): 1143-51.
  24. Aarnisalo J, Ilonen J, Vainionpaa R, Volanen I, Kaitosaari T, Simell O. Development of antibodies against cytomegalovirus, varicella-zoster virus and herpes simplex virus in Finland during the first eight years of life: a prospective study. Scand J Infect Dis 2003; 35(10): 750-3.
  25. Rajaii Oskuei M. Study of CMV infection in 200 blood donors inTabriz blood transfusion organization center. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Science & Health Service 1993; 28(23): 41-6.
  26. Aghaeipour M, Tarabadi FA, Shaiegan M, Babaeie GH. Detection of serologic prevalence of anti-CMV antibodies in thalassemia major patients and blood donors. Blood 20041; 1(2): 37-41.
  27. Moniri R, Mosayebi Z, Mossavi GA. Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and humanimmunodeficiency virus antibodies among volunteer blood donors. Iranian Journal of Public Health 2004; 33(4): 38-42.
  28. Kothari A, Ramachandran VG, Gupta P, Singh B, Talwar V. Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus among voluntary blood donors in Delhi, India. J Health Popul Nutr 2002; 20(4): 348-51.
  29. Gargouri J, Elleuch H, Karray H, Rekik H, Hammami A. Prevalence of anti-CMV antibodies in blood donors in the Sfax region (value in blood transfusion). Tunis Med 2000; 78(8-9): 512-7.
  30. Arab Pour M, Kaviayanei K, Jankhah A, Yaghoubi R. CMV infection in women of childbearing age in Fars Province. IRCMJ 2008; 10(2):100-106 ©Iranian Red Crescent Society 2008; 10(2): 100-6.
  31. Rajaii M, Pourhassan A. Evaluation of immunity against CMV in Azarbaijan female population. Iranian Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2008; 3(3): 143-8.
  32. Tabibei D, Tabatabaei M, Rahsaz M, Sharifi E, Shariatei M, SohrabiE. Seroepidemiology of Cmv in studentKazerunAzaduniversity. Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 2009; 5(3): 55-60.
  33. Siadati A, Noorbakhsh S, Ghazi F, Rimaz SH, Monavari SR. Cytomegalovirus infection in primiparous pregnant women and their neonates. Acta Medica Iranica 2002; 40(3): 136-9.
  34. Arabzadeh AM, Mosavat SA, Eftekhari N. Seroepidemiology of human cytomegalovirus in pregnant women and their neonates in Kerman city during 2005. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 2007; 14(4): 279-88.
  35. Jahromi AS, Makiani MJ, Farjam MR, Madani A, Amirian M, Eftekhri TE, et al. Cytomegalovirus Immunity in Pregnancy in South of Iran. Am J Infect Dis 2010; 6(1): 8-12.
  36. Abuharfeil N, Meqdam MM. Seroepidemiologic study of herpes simplex virus type 2 and cytomegalovirus among young adults in northern Jordan. New Microbiol 2000; 23(3): 235-9.
  37. Ghazi HO, Telmesani AM, Mahomed MF. TORCH agents in pregnant Saudi women. Med Princ Pract 2002; 11(4): 180-2.
  38. Uyar Y, Balci A, Akcali A, Cabar C. Prevalence of rubella and cytomegalovirus antibodies among pregnant women in northern Turkey. New Microbiol 2008; 31(4): 451-5.
  39. Knowles SJ, Grundy K, Cahill I, Cafferkey MT, Geary M. Low cytomegalovirus sero-prevalence in Irish pregnant women. Ir Med J 2005; 98(7): 210-2.
  40. Stagno S, Pass RF, Cloud G, Britt WJ, Henderson RE, Walton PD, et al. Primary cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy. Incidence, transmission to fetus, and clinical outcome. JAMA 1986; 256(14): 1904-8.
  41. Gaytant MA, Galama JM, Semmekrot BA, Melchers WJ, Sporken JM, Oosterbaan HP, et al. The incidence of congenital cytomegalovirus infections in The Netherlands. J Med Virol 2005; 76(1): 71-5.
  42. Sukhikh GT, Dadal'ian LG, Van'ko LV, Kalafati TI, Sidel'nikova VM. [Diagnostic and prognostic value of specific immune response to Cytomegaloviruses in pregnant women with a history of habitual abortion]. Akush Ginekol (Mosk) 1992; (3-7): 30-3.
  43. Spano LC, Lima Pereira FE, Gomes Da Silva BN, Mercon-de-Vargas PR. Human cytomegalovirus infection and abortion: an immunohistochemical study. Med Sci Monit 2002; 8(6): BR230-BR235.
  44. Gratacap-Cavallier B, Bosson JL, Morand P, Dutertre N, Chanzy B, Jouk PS, et al. Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence in French pregnant women: parity and place of birth as major predictive factors. Eur J Epidemiol 1998; 14(2): 147-52.
  45. Schleiss MR, Heineman TC. Progress toward an elusive goal: current status of cytomegalovirus vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2005; 4(3): 381-406.