بررسی تطبیقی جنسیتی رضایتمندی از پزشک، در مراجعین به درمانگاه‌های سرپایی عمومی، تخصصی و فوق تخصصی تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی و کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 اپیدمیولوژیست، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: مطالعات و تجربیات مختلف نشان داده است که تطابق جنسیتی بین بیمار و پزشک، موجبات کیفیت ارتباط بهتر با بیمار و برعکس، عدم تطابق جنسیتی، زمینه‌ساز تضعیف ارتباط بین پزشک و بیمار و عدم مشارکت کافی در تشخیص و درمان بیماری می‌باشد. موضوع تطابق جنسیتی بین بیمار و پزشک، از جنبه‌های مختلف، پزشکی، روانپزشکی، مذهبی، فرهنگی و اجتماعی حایز اهمیت است. در برخی موارد، عدم تطابق جنسیتی، موجب پنهان ماندن جنبه‌های مختلف بیماری و همچنین نارضایتی بیماران می‌گردد. مطالعه‌ی حاضر با هدف مقایسه‌ی زنان و مردان بیمار در رضایتمندی آن‌ها از پزشک معالج خود انجام گرفت.روش‌ها: این مطالعه‌ی توصیفی- تحلیلی در شش ماه اول سال 1391 در سطح درمانگاه‌های عمومی و تخصصی وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان بر روی 423 بیمار مراجعه کننده به این واحدها انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان در مطالعه، به روش نمونه‌گیری ساده و در دسترس از بین مراجعین به درمانگاه‌های سرپایی عمومی، تخصصی و فوق تخصصی تابعه‌ی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان انتخاب شدند. رضایتمندی بیماران به کمک پرسش‌نامه‌ی مشارکت و رضایت بیمار (PICS یا Perceived involvement in care scale) تعیین گردید. تحلیل داد‌ها به وسیله‌ی رایانه و نرم‌افزار SPSS و با استفاده از آزمون‌های توصیفی Student-t و 2χ انجام شد.یافته‌ها: تطابق جنسیتی در بین 231 بیمار (54 درصد) وجود داشت. 83 درصد بیماران مرد و 70 درصد بیماران زن به پزشکان مرد مراجعه کردند و تفاوت معنی‌داری در انتخاب جنسیت پزشک وجود داشت (001/0 > P). رضایت بیماران از پزشکان پایین بود. رضایت در گروه انطباق جنسی بالاتر از گروه عدم انطباق جنسی بود؛ اما این تفاوت از لحاظ آماری معنی‌دار نبود (26/0 = P).نتیجه‌گیری: تطابق جنسیتی بیمار و پزشک در مراکز درمانی در حد مناسبی نیست. علاوه بر آن، مشارکت کافی بین بیمار و پزشک صورت نمی‌گیرد. این امر باعث می‌گردد که رضایت بیماران کاهش یابد و تبادل اطلاعات بین پزشک و بیمار در حد مناسبی انجام نشود و در نتیجه، تشخیص و درمان صحیح بیماری دچار مشکل شود. از این‌رو، لازم است در جهت تأمین و توزیع متناسب پزشک عمومی و متخصص در مناطق مختلف، تدابیر ویژه اتخاذ گردد و در جهت اشاعه‌ی فرهنگ برابری توانمندی‌های پزشکان زن و مرد تلاش شود. 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of Satisfaction with Physicians among Patients at Outpatient Departments Affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Ghasemi 1
  • Saeid Valiollah Pooramiry 2
  • Parisa Yavari 2
  • Ali Mehrabi Khoushki 3
1 Associate Professor, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Student of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Epidemiologist, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Several studies have shown that gender concordance between patient and physician led to a better relationship between them. Moreover, lack of gender concordance may lead to decrease in quality of this relationship, and finally to the lack of contribution of patients in diagnosis and treatment of the diseases. Gender concordance is very important in the several aspects such as medicine, psychology, religion, culture, and society. Lack of concordance can cause different aspects of the disease to remain hidden and dissatisfaction of the patient. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare male and female patients’ satisfaction of physicians.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in general and specialized medical centers of Isfahan, Iran, during 2012-2013. The target population was patients who referred to the above centers. The sample of this study was selected by sequential method from general, specialized, and highly specialized patient centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Patient satisfaction was measured by the patient contribution questionnaire Perceived involvement in care scale (PICS). After collection, the data were analyzed by SPSS software and applying of Student t-test and chi-square.Findings: 423 patients were studied, among 231 (54%) of which gender concordance existed. 83% of male and 70% of female patients were referred to male physicians, and there was a statistical difference between males and females in physician gender selection (P < 0.001). Total patients satisfaction is low, but it was higher among patients with gender concordance; no statistical difference was observed between concordance and non-concordance groups (P = 0.26).Conclusion: According to results of this study, gender concordance between patients and physician is not at a suitable level in Isfahan medical centers. In addition, there is not enough contribution between patient and physician. This problem led to a decrease in patient satisfaction and information transferred between doctor and patient. As a result, their diagnosis and treatment encountered some problems. Thus, suitable decisions and programs may be needed for medical staff distribution in different areas and the dissemination of the culture of equality of male and female doctors’ capability. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gender concordance
  • Patient and physician contribution
  • Satisfaction
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