بررسی وضعیت ناراحتی‌های اسکلتی- عضلانی و ارتباط آن با شاخص‌های ارگونومیک محیط کار در کاربران کامپیوتر بخش‌های اداری بیمارستان الزهرای (س) اصفهان

نوع مقاله : Original Article(s)

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه طب فیزیکی و توان‌بخشی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی پزشکی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی و کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد، گروه بهداشت حرفه‌ای، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: مشاغل اداری بیمارستان‌ها از جمله مشاغلی هستند که اختلالات اسکلتی- عضلانی در آن‌ها شیوع بالایی دارد. این اختلالات با عوامل خطر ارگونومیک متعددی شامل تناسب شغلی، حرکات تکراری، فشارهای تماسی و وضعیت‌های نامناسب بدنی ارتباط دارند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی وضعیت ناراحتی‌های اسکلتی- عضلانی در کاربران کامپیوتر واحدهای اداری بیمارستان الزهرای (س) اصفهان انجام شد.روش‌ها: این مطالعه‌ی توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع مقطعی بود و بر روی 71 نفر از کاربران کامپیوتر بیمارستان انتخاب شده به روش تصادفی سیستماتیک انجام شد. جهت تعیین شاخص‌های ارگونومیک، از روش ارزیابی سریع تنش اداری (ROSA یا Rapid Office Strain Assessment) و جهت بررسی وضعیت ناراحتی‌های اسکلتی- عضلانی از پرسشنامه‌ی CMDQ (Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire) استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های Spearman و Pearson انجام گرفت.یافته‌ها: به ترتیب نواحی گردن، قسمت تحتانی پشت و شانه بیشترین میزان شیوع ناراحتی‌های اسکلتی- عضلانی را در بین کارکنان اداری بیمارستان در بر داشت. در 2/97 درصد از افراد، نمره‌ی ROSA بیشتر از 5 و در سطح خطر بالا بود. ضریب همبستگی Spearman نشان داد که نمره‌ی نهایی ROSA با شدت ناراحتی‌های اسکلتی- عضلانی در اندام‌های فوقانی شامل بازو، ساعد و مچ دست، رابطه‌ی مستقیم داشت (05/0 > P) ولی با بقیه‌ی مناطق، رابطه‌ی معنِی‌داری وجود نداشت.نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به این که درصد بسیار بالایی از افراد، مطابق با ارزیابی سریع تنش اداری، در معرض خطر ناراحتی‌های اسکلتی- عضلانی قرار دارند، لازم است هر چه سریع‌تر مداخلات ارگونومیک مناسب انجام گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Musculoskeletal Discomforts and Its Relation to Workplace Ergonomic Conditions among Computer Office Workers at Alzahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Babak Vahdatpour 1
  • Maryam Bozorgi 2
  • Mohammad Reza Taheri 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Student of Medicine, School of Medicine AND Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are relatively prevalent in office employees at hospitals. These disorders are related to several ergonomic risk factors including failure to accommodate physical job demands, repetitive motions, contact stress, and poor or inappropriate body postures. This study was conducted to evaluate musculoskeletal disorders in computer office workers at Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran.Methods: We performed this cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study at Alzahra hospital on summer 2014. Overall, 71 office workers were enrolled in the study via systematic sampling method. Ergonomic risk factors were evaluated using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) checklist. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) was used to assess musculoskeletal disorders. We analyzed the data using Spearman and Pearson correlation tests.Findings: Musculoskeletal discomfort was mostly prevalent in neck, low back and shoulder area, respectively. 97.2 percent of participants had ROSA final scores of 5 and more. Spearman correlation test showed a direct relationship between the ROSA final score and severity of musculoskeletal discomfort in upper limb area including arm, forearm and wrist (P < 0.05); this relationship did not exist for other parts of the body.Conclusion: Based on the ROSA scores, most of the computer workers were prone to musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to make proper ergonomic interventions targeting body postures and work place improvements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Musculoskeletal disorders
  • Rapid office strain assessment (ROSA) checklist
  • Ergonomic interventions
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