تأثیر 12 هفته تمرین تناوبی بر فشار خون و رگ‌گشایی ناشی از جریان در مردان میانسال مبتلا به پرفشاری خون

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه فیزولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه فیزولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده‌ی تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه جراحی داخلی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جندی‌شاپور اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: رگ‌گشایی ناشی از جریان (Flow-mediated dilation یا FMD) در شرایط پرفشاری خون مختل می‌شود و به نظر می‌رسد تمرین ورزشی می‌تواند آن را بهبود بخشد. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف مقایسه‌ی FMD بین افراد سالم و مبتلا به پرفشاری خون و بررسی تأثیر 12 هفته تمرین هوازی تناوبی بر آن انجام شد.روش‌ها: در این پژوهش نیمه‌تجربی، 12 مرد میانسال سالم و 24 مرد میانسال مبتلا به پرفشاری خون با سن 80/2 ± 66/49 سال، قد 66/4 ± 16/174 سانتی‌متر و وزن 65/12 ± 08/81 کیلوگرم و انتخاب شدند. افراد بیمار در دو گروه 12 نفره‌ی شاهد با سن 53/2 ± 08/52 سال، قد 81/5 ± 75/173 سانتی‌متر و وزن 26/8 ± 08/80 کیلوگرم و تمرین تناوبی با سن 91/2 ± 50/50 سال، قد 69/4 ± 40/173 و وزن 60/13 ± 20/85 کیلوگرم قرار گرفتند. تمرین شامل 12 هفته دویدن تناوبی با شدت 50 و 80 درصد ضربان قلب ذخیره به مدت 2 و 1 دقیقه و سه جلسه در هفته روی تردمیل برای 12 دقیقه بود که تا 6 هفته هر هفته 3 دقیقه و پس از آن هر 2 هفته، 3 دقیقه به زمان آن اضافه شد؛ به گونه‌ای که زمان تمرین در 2 هفته‌ی آخر به 36 دقیقه رسید. فشار خون و FMD قبل و بعد از دوره‌ی تمرین اندازه‌گیری شد. طبیعی بودن توزیع داده‌ها با آزمون Shapiro-Wilk سنجیده شد.یافته‌ها: نتایج آزمون Independent t نشان داد که FMD در بیماران از افراد سالم کمتر بود (469/4 = t و 001/0 > P). همچنین، آزمون‌های One-way ANOVA و Repeated measures ANOVA نشان داد که تمرین تناوبی باعث کاهش معنی‌دار فشار خون سیستول (059/7 = F و 015/0 = P) و افزایش FMD (63/13 = F و 001/0 = P) می‌شود.نتیجه‌گیری: به نظر می‌رسد رگ‌گشایی ناشی از جریان، در بیماران مبتلا به پرفشاری خون مختل می‌شود و این افراد برای کاهش فشار خون و بهبود عملکرد اندوتلیومی، می‌توانند تمرین هوازی تناوبی انجام دهند.واژگان کلیدی: فشار خون، جریان خون ناحیه‌ای، تمرین

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of 12-Weeks Interval Aerobic Training on Blood Pressure and Flow-Mediated Dilation in Middle-Aged Men with Hypertension

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maysam Shabaaninia 1
  • Fereshteh Shahidi 2
  • Hamid Rajabi 3
  • Iraj Nazari 4
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Physical Educattion and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Treaining University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Physical Educattion and Sport Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Treaining University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, School of Physical Educattion and Sport Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in terms of blood pressure is impaired and it seems that exercise training can improve it. The present study intended to compare flow-mediated dilation in patients with hypertension and normotensive people and examine the effect of exercise on it.Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 12 normotensive and 24 hypertensive middle-aged men (age: 49.66 ± 2.80 years, height: 174.16 ± 4.66 cm, weight: 81.08 ± 12.65 kg) were selected using convenience sampling method. Patients were randomly divided to equal groups; 12 for control (age: 52.08 ± 2.53 years, height: 173.75 ± 5.81 cm, weight: 80.08 ± 8.26 kg) and 12 for interval aerobic training (age: 50.50 ± 2.91 years, height: 173.4 ± 4.69 cm, weight: 85.2 ± 13.6 kg). The training included 12 weeks of treadmill interval aerobic running with 50 and 80% heart rate reserve for 2 and 1 minute, respectively, three times a week for totally 12 minutes each session. Each week, 3 minutes to 6th week and then, every two weeks, 3 minutes added to the training time. So that, training in the last two weeks was 36 minutes. Blood pressure and flow-mediated dilation were taken before and after the training period. The distribution normality of data was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk test.Findings: Independent t-test showed that flow-mediated dilation was lower in patients than in normotensive subjects (t = 4.469, P < 0.001). The analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that the training significantly reduced systolic blood pressure (F = 7.059, P = 0.015) and increased flow-mediated dilation (F = 13.63, P = 0.001).Conclusion: It seems that, flow-mediated dilation in patients with hypertension is impaired and these patients can do aerobic interval training to relieve pressure and improve endothelial function.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hypertension
  • Regional blood flow
  • Aerobic Exercise
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