بررسی تأثیر مصاحبه‌ی انگیزشی و رژیم غذایی سالم بر شاخص‌های انتروپومتریک و فشار خون کودکان دبستانی مبتلا به اضافه وزن و چاقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم بهداشتی در تغذیه، دانشکده‌ی تغذیه و علوم غذایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات رشد و نمو کودکان، پژوهشکده‌ی پیشگیری اولیه از بیماری‌های غیر واگیر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده‌ی علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 مربی، گروه اپیدمیولوژی و آمار زیستی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

5 استادیار، گروه تغذیه‌ی جامعه، دانشکده‌ی تغذیه و علوم غذایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: شیوع چاقی کودکان در جهان رو به افزایش است. رژیم غذایی سالم، از جمله مداخلات مورد استفاده در درمان چاقی می‌باشد. روش‌های رفتاردرمانی می‌توانند بر رفتارهای غذایی کودکان مؤثر باشند. یکی از زیر شاخه‌های رفتاردرمانی، مصاحبه‌ی انگیزشی می‌باشد.روش‌ها: مطالعه‌ی حاضر، یک کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی شده‌ی موازی بود. 96 کودک به طور تصادفی در سه گروه قرار گرفتند. گروه اول، رژیم‌درمانی و مصاحبه‌ی انگیزشی، گروه دوم رژیم‌درمانی و گروه سوم، گروه شاهد بودند. شرکت کنندگان 8 هفته تحت مداخله قرار گرفتند. شاخص‌های انتروپومتریک و فشار خون در ابتدا و انتهای مداخله سنجیده شد. جهت اطمینان از پایدار ماندن اثرات مداخله، افراد 3 ماه بعد بار دیگر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. میزان پای‌بندی به رژیم با محاسبه‌ی شاخص تغذیه‌ی سالم سنجیده شد.یافته‌ها: میانگین نمایه‌ی توده‌ی بدنی و دور کمر در گروه رژیم‌درمانی و مصاحبه‌ی انگیزشی (001/0 > P) و در گروه رژیم‌درمانی (001/0 = P) بعد از مداخله، کاهش یافت، اما در گروه شاهد این اختلاف معنی‌دار نبود. این کاهش در گروه رژیم و مصاحبه‌ی انگیزشی نسبت به گروه رژیم بیشتر بود. بین میانگین فشار خون در سه زمان در هر سه گروه، اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. میانگین شاخص تغذیه‌ی سالم در گروه رژیم و مصاحبه‌ی انگیزشی نسبت به گروه رژیم بالاتر بود. بین شاخص تغذیه‌ی سالم با تغییرات نمایه‌ی توده‌ی بدنی و دور کمر، رابطه‌ی معکوسی وجود داشت (001/0 = P).نتیجه‌گیری: رژیم غذایی سالم، منجر به کاهش نمایه‌ی توده‌ی بدنی و دور کمر کودکان چاق یا دچار اضافه وزن می‌گردد. همراه کردن رژیم‌درمانی با مصاحبه‌ی انگیزشی، تأثیر رژیم‌ و میزان پای‌بندی کودکان به آن را افزایش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Motivational Interviewing and Healthy Diet on Anthropometric Indices and Blood Pressure in Overweight and Obese School Children

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh ُShahriarzadeh 1
  • Roya Kelishadi 2
  • Maryam Fatehizadeh 3
  • Akbar Hassanzadeh 4
  • Gholamreza Askari 5
1 MSc Student, Department of Health Science in Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, School of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
4 Instructor, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: The prevalence of children obesity is increasing all over the world. Healthy diet is one of the interventions for obesity treatment. Behavioral therapy approaches can affect child’s food behaviors. One of these approaches is motivational interviewing.Methods: This study was a paralleled randomized clinical trial. 96 children were randomly allocated to 3 groups: first group, diet and motivational interview, second group, diet, and the third one, control. Participants were under intervention for 8 weeks. Anthropometric indecies and blood pressure were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. To make sure about the maintenance of intervention effects, participates were assessed 3 month later again. Adherence to diet was assessed by measuring healthy eating index.Findings: The mean body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in first (P < 0.001) and second (P = 0.001) groups decreased after intervention, but this difference were not significant in control group. In first group, this reduction was more than the second group. The mean blood pressure had no significant difference between the 3 groups. The mean healthy eating index was higher in first group than the second group. There was an inverse relation between healthy eating index with body mass index and waist circumference (P = 0.001).Conclusion: Healthy diet can reduce mean body mass index and waist circumference in overweight and obese children. Using diet therapy with motivational interview increases this effect and also the adherence to diet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Motivational interviewing
  • Healthy Diet
  • Anthropometry
  • Blood Pressure
  • Overweight

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مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 35، شماره 426 - شماره پیاپی 426
خرداد و تیر 1396
صفحه 412-421

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 اسفند 1395
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 05 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

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