نقش افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس در پای‌بندی به مصرف دارو در بیماران مبتلا به فشار خون بالا

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشجوی MPH، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه آموزش پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات آموزش علوم پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 پژوهشگر، مرکز مطالعات و توسعه‌ی آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: با وجود اهمیت عوامل روانی در پای‌بندی بیماران، بررسی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که مطالعات محدودی به بررسی نقش عوامل روانی در پای‌بندی به درمان جامعه‌ی ایرانی پرداخته‌اند. هدف از انجام این مطالعه، بررسی نقش سلامت روان در پای‌بندی به مصرف دارو در بیماران مبتلا به فشار خون در مناطق روستایی اصفهان بود.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه‌ی مقطعی، 300 نفر از بیماران مبتلا به فشار خون مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. نمونه‌گیری به صورت چند مرحله‌ای و از مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی انجام شد. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات شامل پرسش‌نامه‌ی نشانگان افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس فرم کوتاه (Depression, anxiety and  stress scales-21 short form یا DASS-21) و ابزار پای‌بندی به درمان دارویی Morisky بود. در این مطالعه، نسبت شانس سطوح مختلف افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس در دو گروه دارای پای‌بندی مناسب به درمان و عدم پای‌بندی مناسب به درمان با استفاده از مدل Logistic regression چند متغیره مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: بیمارانی که دارای سطح اضطراب بسیار شدید بودند، در مقابل بیماران دارای سطح اضطراب عادی، عدم پای‌بندی به درمان دارویی بیشتری را گزارش نمودند (8/2 = Odd ratio یا OR، 38/7-07/1 = Confidence interval یا CI 95 درصد). این در حالی است که سایر سطوح اضطراب و همچنین، شدت افسردگی و استرس، عوامل پیش‌بینی کننده‌ی معنی‌داری جهت پای‌بندی به درمان بیماران مورد مطالعه محسوب نمی‌شدند.نتیجه‌گیری: درک شدت افسردگی، استرس و اضطراب جهت اطمینان از پای‌بندی به درمان و دستیابی به نتایج درمانی مناسب در بیماران مبتلا به فشار خون ضروری است. بر اساس نتایج مطالعه‌ی حاضر، اضطراب بسیار شدید می‌تواند یکی از عوامل مهم در عدم پای‌بندی به درمان دارویی محسوب گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Medication Adherence in Patients with Hypertension

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parastoo Golshiri 1
  • Anita Tavakoli 2
  • Arash Najimi 3
  • Azita Tavakoli 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 MPH Student, Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 Researcher, Medical Education Development Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Despite the importance of psychological factors in adherence to the treatment in patients with hypertension, a few studies have been done to identify the factors affecting adherence to treatment and particularly to investigate the role of psychology factors in Iranian population. This study aimed to investigate the role of mental health in adherence to medication in patients with hypertension in rural areas of Isfahan Province, Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 patients with hypertension were studied. Multistage sampling was performed in health centers. Data collection tools included depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) short form and the Morisky 8-items medication adherence questionnaire. The odds ratio (OR) for different levels of depression, anxiety, and stress in both groups with appropriate adherence and non-appropriate adherence to treatment were determined. We used multivariate logistic regression model for statistical analysis.Findings: Patients with very severe levels of anxiety were more non-adherent to drug therapy than those with normal levels of anxiety (OR = 2.8; CI95%: 1.07-7.38). While other levels of anxiety and severity of depression and stress were not significant predictors for predicting patients' adherence to treatment.Conclusion: Understanding the severity of depression, stress, and anxiety to ensure adherence and treatment outcomes in patients with hypertension are essential. According to this study, very severe anxiety can be considered as an important predicting factor in the lack of adherence to medication.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Hypertension
  • Medication Adherence
  • Depression
  • Stress
  • Anxiety
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