رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای نامطلوب در کودکان و نوجوانان استان اصفهان در سال 1394

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی و خانواده، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه پزشکی اجتماعی و خانواده، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشجوی پزشکی، کمیته‌ی تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

5 واحد سلامت نوجوانان، جوانان و مدارس، معاونت بهداشتی و مرکز بهداشت استان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: تغذیه‌ی نامناسب و چاقی در کودکان به یک مشکل جهانی تبدیل شده است. رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای، یکی از عوامل مؤثر در چاقی کودکان به حساب می‌آید و در این بین، وعده‌ی غذایی صبحانه و میان وعده‌های غذایی، از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف تعیین فراوانی نسبی رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای نامطلوب در کودکان و نوجوانان استان اصفهان طراحی و اجرا گردید.روش‌ها: در این مطالعه، رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای 2305 نفر از دانش‌آموزان مقاطع ابتدایی و راهنمایی، از طریق تکمیل پرسش‌نامه توسط پرسشگران مورد سنجش قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: بر اساس این مطالعه، 3/92 درصد از دانش‌آموزان از وعده‌ی غذایی صبحانه برخوردار بودند. 8/91 درصد از دانش‌آموزان علاوه بر وعده‌ی صبحانه، از میان وعده‌های غذایی نیز در برنامه‌ی غذایی خود برخوردار بودند و محل تهیه‌ی میان وعده 5/78 درصد در منزل، 1/12 درصد از بوفه‌ی مدرسه، 0/7 درصد از مغازه‌های اطراف مدرسه و حدود 0/1 درصد از دست‌فروشان بود. مادران دانش‌آموزان، در بیشتر موارد (7/61 درصد) مسؤول تهیه‌ی میان وعده بودند.نتیجه‌گیری: بررسی رفتارهای تغذیه‌ای نوجوانان، نشان دهنده‌ی کیفیت نامناسب تغذیه‌ی نوجوانان به خصوص در میان وعده، در عین آگاهی قابل قبول از آن است. خانواده در انتخاب و بروز این رفتارها نقش اصلی را دارند. همین مهم، لزوم توجه بیشتر به نقش خانواده در این زمینه را مشخص می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Eating Behaviors among Children and Adolescents, Isfahan Province, Iran, 2015

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohomad Reza Massah 3
  • Ziba Farajzadegan 2
  • Kamal Heidari 4
  • Razieh Omidi 5
  • Armindokht Shahsanai 1
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Community and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Student of Medicine, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
5 Teens, Youth, and Schools Health Unit, Deputy of Health AND Isfahan Province Health Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Inappropriate nutrition, and obesity in children have become a global problem. Eating behaviors are considered as one of the factors affecting childhood obesity. Breakfast and snack meals are among the important eating behaviors. This study aimed to assess eating behaviors among children and adolescents in Isfahan Province, Iran, in the year 2015.Methods: In this study, 2305 students of elementary and guidance schools were evaluated using questionnaires about their eating behaviors.Findings: 92.3% of students had breakfast meals. 91.8% of the students consume snack meals in addition to breakfast meal. Different routes of snack meals preparation consisted of home supplied (78.5%), school store (12.1%), near-school shops (7%), and huckster (about 1%). Students’ mothers were the major responsible for providing snacks.Conclusion: Our findings indicate inappropriate quality of eating behaviors among children and adolescents in Isfahan Province, especially for snack meals, despite acceptable knowledge among families. Families play a key role in selecting these behaviors, showing the necessity to pay more attention to the role of the family in this field.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Eating behavior
  • Child
  • Adolescent
  • Iran
  • Snacks
  • Dietary habits

مراجع

  1. Sharifirad GR, Amidi Mazaheri M, Akbarzadeh K. Hygiene of school food-shops and effects of training on their keepers in esfahan. J Ilam Univ Med Sci 2005; 12(44-45): 17-23. [In Persian].
  2. Owusu A, Murdock PO, Weatherby NL. Measuring nutritional intake of adolescents in Ghana, West Africa. Int Electron J Health Educ 2007; 10: 104-13.
  3. Dalton A. Factors affecting the health of middle school students [MSc Thesis]. Chillicothe, OH: Ohio University; 2008.
  4. Contento IR, Koch PA, Lee H, Calabrese-Barton A. Adolescents demonstrate improvement in obesity risk behaviors after completion of choice, control and change, a curriculum addressing personal agency and autonomous motivation. J Am Diet Assoc 2010; 110(12): 1830-9.
  5. Haerens L, Cerin E, Deforche B, Maes L, De Bourdeaudhuij I. Explaining the effects of a 1-year intervention promoting a low fat diet in adolescent girls: a mediation analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2007; 4: 55.
  6. Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Hannan PJ, Rex J. New Moves: A school-based obesity prevention program for adolescent girls. Prev Med 2003; 37(1): 41-51.
  7. Shilts MK, Horowitz M, Townsend MS. Guided goal setting: effectiveness in a dietary and physical activity intervention with low-income adolescents. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2009; 21(1): 111-22.
  8. Singhal N, Misra A, Shah P, Gulati S. Effects of controlled school-based multi-component model of nutrition and lifestyle interventions on behavior modification, anthropometry and metabolic risk profile of urban Asian Indian adolescents in North India. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64(4): 364-73.
  9. Guidelines for school health programs to promote lifelong healthy eating. J Sch Health 1997; 67(1): 9-26.
  10. Ruxton CH, O'Sullivan KR, Kirk TR, Belton NR, Holmes MA. The contribution of breakfast to the diets of a sample of 136 primary-schoolchildren in Edinburgh. Br J Nutr 1996; 75(3): 419-31.
  11. Spruijt-Metz D, Spruijt RJ. Worries and health in adolescence: A latent variable approach. J Youth Adolesc 1997; 26(4): 485-501.
  12. Benton D, Maconie A, Williams C. The influence of the glycaemic load of breakfast on the behaviour of children in school. Physiol Behav 2007; 92(4): 717-24.
  13. Naeeni MM, Jafari S, Fouladgar M, Heidari K, Farajzadegan Z, Fakhri M, et al. Nutritional knowledge, practice, and dietary habits among school children and adolescents. Int J Prev Med 2014; 5(Suppl 2): S171-S178.
  14. Sajjadi P, Alaoddolei H, Sadighian F. The nutritional status in Babolian 14-18 year old girls, 1998. J Babol Univ Med Sci 2000; 2(5): 7-10. [In Persian].
  15. Zamani Alavijeh F, Faghihzadeh S, Sadeghi F. application of the health belief model for unhealthy eating prevention among primary school children in Arak / Iran (2004-2005). J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci 2008; 11(4): 352-67. [In Persian].
  16. Whitlock G, Lewington S, Sherliker P, Clarke R, Emberson J, Halsey J, et al. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: Collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet 2009; 373(9669): 1083-96.
  17. Ghassemi H, Harrison G, Mohammad K. An accelerated nutrition transition in Iran. Public Health Nutr 2002; 5(1A): 149-55.
  18. Kelishadi R, Hahsanai A, Shams B, Ahadi Z, Motlagh Me, Kasaeian A, et al. Meal frequency in Iranian children and adolescents at national and sub-national levels: The CASPIAN-IV Study. Iran J Public Health 2015; 44(1): 53-61.
  19. Kann L, McManus T, Harris WA, Shanklin SL, Flint KH, Hawkins J, et al. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2015. MMWR Surveill Summ 2016; 65(6): 1-174.
  20. Amini M, Omidvar N, Kimiagar M. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among junior high school students in a district of Tehran. J Res Med Sci 2007; 12(6): 315-9.
  21. Shahbazi H, Baghianimoghadam MH, Khjeh Z, Esmaili A, Karimi M, Olyan S. Survey of health and nutritional behaviors among high school students. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot 2014; 1(4): 69-80.
  22. Kelishadi R, Ardalan G, Gheiratmand R, Sheikholeslam R, Majdzadeh SR, Delavari AR, et al. Do the dietary habits of our community warrant health of children and adolescents now and in future? CASPIAN Study. Iran J Pediatr 2005; 15(2): 97-109.
  23. Azadbakht L, Esmaillzadeh A. Macro and micro-nutrients intake, food groups consumption and dietary habits among female students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Iran Red Crescent Med J 2012; 14(4): 204-9.
  24. Azizi-Soleiman F, lMotlagh ME, Qorbani M, Heshmat R, Ardalan G, Mansourian M, et al. Dietary habits and health related behaviors in iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN- IV Study. Int J Pediatr 2016; 4(7): 2087-97.
  25. Arshi S, Ghanbari B, Nemati K, Soleiman Ekhtiari Y, Torkaman-nejad S, Kolahi AA. Nutritional behaviors pattern of high school girls in north of Tehran. Community Health 2015; 2(1): 19-30.
  26. Ells LJ, Campbell K, Lidstone J, Kelly S, Lang R, Summerbell C. Prevention of childhood obesity. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 19(3): 441-54.
  27. Gaines A, Turner LW. Improving fruit and vegetable intake among children: A review of interventions utilizing the social cognitive theory. Calif J Health Promot 2009; 7(1): 52-66.
  28. Baranowski T, Baranowski J, Cullen KW, Marsh T, Islam N, Zakeri I, et al. Squire's Quest! Dietary outcome evaluation of a multimedia game. Am J Prev Med 2003; 24(1): 52-61.
  29. Kelishadi R, Ardalan G, Gheiratmand R, Gouya MM, Razaghi EM, Delavari A, et al. Association of physical activity and dietary behaviours in relation to the body mass index in a national sample of Iranian children and adolescents: CASPIAN Study. Bull World Health Organ 2007; 85(1): 19-26.
  30. Contento IR, Randell JS, Basch CE. Review and analysis of evaluation measures used in nutrition education intervention research. J Nutr Educ Behav 2002; 34(1): 2-25.
  31. Hall E, Chai W, Albrecht JA. Relationships between nutrition-related knowledge, self-efficacy, and behavior for fifth grade students attending Title I and non-Title I schools. Appetite 2016; 96: 245-53.
  32. Shariff M, Abu Samah Z, Paim B, Ismail L, Kasim M, Othman MS, et al. Nutrition education intervention improves nutrition knowledge, attitude and practices of primary school children : a pilot study. Int Electron J Health Educ 2008; 11(1): 119-32.
  33. Ghrayeb FAW, Rusli MA, Al Rifai A, Ismail MI. Effectiveness of nutrition education intervention among high school students in Tarqumia, Palestine. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 2013; 12(8): 787-92.
  34. Bandura A. Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Educ Behav 2004; 31(2): 143-64.
  35. Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health behavior and health education: Theory, research, and practice. Hoboken, NJ; Wiley; 2008.
  36. Alam N, Roy SK, Ahmed T, Ahmed AM. Nutritional status, dietary intake, and relevant knowledge of adolescent girls in rural Bangladesh. J Health Popul Nutr 2010; 28(1): 86-94.
  37. Doak CM, Visscher TL, Renders CM, Seidell JC. The prevention of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: A review of interventions and programmes. Obes Rev 2006; 7(1): 111-36.
  38. Larson NI, Story M, Wall M, Neumark-Sztainer D. Calcium and dairy intakes of adolescents are associated with their home environment, taste preferences, personal health beliefs, and meal patterns. J Am Diet Assoc 2006; 106(11): 1816-24.
  39. Haerens L, Craeynest M, Deforche B, Maes L, Cardon G, De Bourdeaudhuij I. The contribution of psychosocial and home environmental factors in explaining eating behaviours in adolescents. Eur J Clin Nutr 2008; 62(1): 51-9.
  40. Cutler GJ, Flood A, Hannan P, Neumark-Sztainer D. Multiple sociodemographic and socioenvironmental characteristics are correlated with major patterns of dietary intake in adolescents. J Am Diet Assoc 2011; 111(2): 230-40.
  41. Davis B, Carpenter C. Proximity of fast-food restaurants to schools and adolescent obesity. Am J Public Health 2009; 99(3): 505-10.
  42. Mirmiran P, Azadbakht L, Azizi F. Dietary behaviour of Tehranian adolescents does not accord with their nutritional knowledge. Public Health Nutr 2007; 10(9): 897-901.
  43. Townsend N, Foster C. Developing and applying a socio-ecological model to the promotion of healthy eating in the school. Public Health Nutr 2013; 16(6): 1101-8.
  44. Ghasab Shirazi M, Kazemi A, Mostafavi Darani F, Kelishadi R. A Nutrition education intervention trial for adolescent girls in Isfahan: Study design and protocol. Int J Pediatr 2016; 4(11): 3847-57.
  45. Najimi A, Ghaffari M. Promoting fruit and vegetable consumption among students: a randomized controlled trial based on social cognitive theory. J Pak Med Assoc 2013; 63(10): 1235-40.
  46. Cullen KW, Baranowski T, Owens E, Marsh T, Rittenberry L, de Moor C. Availability, accessibility, and preferences for fruit, 100% fruit juice, and vegetables influence children's dietary behavior. Health Educ Behav 2003; 30(5): 615-26.
  47. Wouters EJ, Larsen JK, Kremers SP, Dagnelie PC, Geenen R. Peer influence on snacking behavior in adolescence. Appetite 2010; 55(1): 11-7.
  48. Mirkarimi K, Mansourian M, Kabir MJ, Davaji RB, Eri M, Hosseini SG, et al. Fast food consumption behaviors in high-school students based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Int J Pediatr 2016; 4(7): 2131-42.
  49. de la Haye K, Robins G, Mohr P, Wilson C. Obesity-related behaviors in adolescent friendship networks. Social Networks 2010; 32(3): 161-7.
  50. Unger JB, Reynolds K, Shakib S, Spruijt-Metz D, Sun P, Johnson CA. Acculturation, physical activity, and fast-food consumption among Asian-American and Hispanic adolescents. J Community Health 2004; 29(6): 467-81.
  51. Salvy SJ, de la Haye K, Bowker JC, Hermans RC. Influence of peers and friends on children's and adolescents' eating and activity behaviors. Physiol Behav 2012; 106(3): 369-78.
مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
دوره 35، شماره 460 - شماره پیاپی 460
بهمن و اسفند 1396
صفحه 1812-1822

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 مهر 1396
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 06 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 17 فروردین 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار