1. Gomez R, Fisher JW. Domains of spiritual well-being and development and validation of the Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire. Pers Individ Dif 2003; 235(8): 1975-91.
2. Haji Rafiei E, Tork Zahrani S, Alavi Majd H, Nayebi Nia AS. Spiritual health and its related factors in pregnant to health centers in Qazvin, Iran, in 2015 [in Persian]. J Urmia Nurs Midwifery Fac 2018; 16(4): 225-33.
3. WHO. The WHO cross-national study of health behavior in school-aged children from 35 countries: findings from 2001-2002. J Sch Health 2004; 74(6): 204-06.
4. Mortazavi FS, Shati M, Mortazavi S S, Shirzad F, Moghadam M, Ajamzibad H. The Spiritual Health Status of Iranian Older Adults: A Population-based Telephone Survey [in Persian]. Salmand: Iranian Journal of Ageing 2024; 19(1): 130-43.
5. Dadashzadeh Sangary Y, Janbozorgi M, Javanmard P, Mohamadhasanpuor S, Amirzadeh-Irangh J. Predicting resilience based on the components of spiritual health in the elderly of Urmia city: a coping strategy for the future. Health Science Monitor 2025; 4(1): 37-45.
6. Villani D, Sorgente A, Iannello P, Antonietti A. The Role of Spirituality and Religiosity in Subjective Well-Being of Individuals with Different Religious Status. Front Psychol 2019; 10: 1525.
7. Farahaninia M, Abbasi Givari MA, Haghani H. Nursing Students’ Spiritual Well-Being and Their Perspectives Towards Spirituality and Spiritual Care Perspectives [in Persian]. IJN 2006; 18(44): 7-14.
8. Arasteh N, Moghimian Shahrbabaki R, Nematollahi M, Ahmadi A, Bagherian B. The effect of a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy program on the spiritual health of mothers of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Front Psychol 2025; 15: 1346661.
9. Eslami M, Azadi Y, Gharayagh ةandi H, Emaddedin Z. The relationship between self-efficacy and optimism with Dimensions of sport Achievement Motivation among physical education students of Karaj Azad University [in Persian]. Counseling Culture and Psychotherapy 2017; 8(32): 111-32.
10. Adeli H, Moghaddam Shiri S, Hosseinzadeh F, Vahedian M. General health and religious coping strategies in patients suffering from asthma [in Persian]. Health Spiritual Med Ethics 2014; 21(3): 2-9.
11. Elmer L, MacDonald D, Friedman H. Transpersonal psychology, physical health, and mental health: Theory, research and practice. Humanistic Psychologist 2003; 31(2-3): 159-81.
12. Erkal Aksoy Y, Türkmen H, Akın B. The Relationship Between Depression, Spiritual Well-Being and Spiritual Care Needs of Postpartum Women in Türkiye. J Relig Health 2025; 64(4): 2918-44.
13. Scarinci EG, Griffin MTQ, Grogoriu A, Fitzpatrick J. Spiritual well-being and spiritual practices in HIV-infected women: A preliminary study. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2009; 20(1): 69-76.
14. Abbasi M, Azizi F, Shamsi Gooshki E, Naseri Rad M, Akbari Lakeh M. Conceptual definition and operationalization of spiritual health: a methodological study [in Persian]. Medical Ethics Journal 2012; 6(20): 11-44.
15. Macfarlane J. Positive psychology pioneers: Professor Martin Seligman’s power and potential to influence mental health nursing. British Journal of Mental Health Nursing 2022; 11(1): 1-8.
16. Rezaie Shahsavarloo Z, Taghadosi M, Mousavi M, Lotfi M, Harati K. The relationship between spiritual well-being & religious attitudes with life satisfaction in elderly cancer patients [in Persian]. IJPN 2016; 4(1): 47-55.
17. Samadifard H. The relationship between spiritual wellbeing and religious belief with a life expectancy of diabetic patients [in Persian]. IHJ 2015; 2(2): 44-51.
18. Feldman DB, Kubota M. Hope, self-efficacy, optimism, and academic achievement: Distinguishing constructs and levels of specificity in predicting college grade-point average. Learn Individ Differ 2015; 37(6): 210-16.
19. Janbozorgi M, Noori N. Investigating the relationship between motivation for progress and optimism [in Persian]. Psychol Religion 2009; 2: 76-95.
20. Sohrabi F, Yousefi F, Abdollahi N. Evaluating relationship of mindfulness with religious score, general health and its aspects in Kurdistan university students in 2016 [in Persian]. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry 2019; 5(6): 24-33.
21. Wang Y, Beshai S, Heshmati R, Azmoodeh S, Golzar T. The effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on spiritual well-being and hope in patients with breast cancer: A randomized controlled trial. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality 2024; 16(2): 223–32.
22. Gunnell KE, Mosewich AD, McEwen CE, Eklund RC, Crocker PR. Don't be so hard on yourself! Changes in self-compassion during the first year of university are associated with changes in well-being. Pers Individ Dif 2017; 107: 43-8.
23. Telles R, Whitney BM, Froelich S, Lutgendorf SK. Mindfulness-based psychosocial interventions and psychological wellbeing in cancer survivorship: a meta-analysis. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18(4): 723-49.
24. Lynsey M, Tim H, Georgina R, de Moura. A moment of mindfulness: computer-mediated mindfulness practice increases state mindfulness. PLoS One 2016; 11(4): e0153923.
25. Brown KW, Ryan RM. The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol 2003; 84(4): 828-48.
26. Nazoktabar H, Hoseini Dronkolaei SZ, Babaei E. Analyzing the relationship between spiritual health, attitude toward relationship before marriage and couple burnout in married women [in Persian]. Women's Studies Sociological and Psychological 2016; 14(3): 93-114.
27. Kord B, Rahbari P. The prediction of subjective well-being based on meaning of life and mindfulness among cardiovascular patients [in Persian]. IJPN 2018; 5(6): 16-23.
28. Narimani M, Arianpour S, Abolqasemi A, Ahadi B. Effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction and emotion regulation training in the affect and mood of chemical weapons victims [in Persian]. J Arak Uni Med Sci 2012; 15 (2): 107-18.
29. Baer RA, Smith GT, Hopkins J, Krietemeyer J, Toney L. Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment 2006; 13(1): 27-45.
30. Sajjadian I. Psychometric properties of the five facet mindfulness questionnaire in people [in Persian]. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences 2016; 5(2): 23-40.
31. Jobin J, Wrosch C, Scheier MF. Associations between dispositional optimism and diurnal cortisol in a community sample: when stress is perceived as higher than normal. Health Psychol 2014; 33(4): 382-91.
32. Terikani B, Abedi P, Jofreh MG, Dastoorpour M, Afshari P. Comparing the effect of group and individual mindfulness-based cognitive behavior therapy on happiness of postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial in Iran. Health Sci Rep 2025; 8(4): e70649.
33. Askari M, Radmehr H, Mohammadi H, Jahangir AH. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on increasing the quality of life and reducing psychological symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis [in Persian]. J Isfahan Med Sch 2017; 34(410): 1487-95.
