مقایسه‌ی تأثیر دو روش آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی و آموزش یادآوری خاص بر حافظه‌ی بیماران دچار سکته‌ی مغزی ایسکمیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله های پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده‌ی روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

4 استاد، گروه مغز و اعصاب، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: مشکلات مربوط به حافظه، یکی از شایع‌ترین اختلالات شناختی است که بیماران را بعد از سکته‌ی مغزی تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسی میزان اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر آموزش یادآوری خاص و آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی در بهبود حافظه‌ی بیماران مبتلا به دچار سکته‌ی مغزی ایسکمیک بود.روش‌ها: در این پژوهش، روش شبه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون- پس‌آزمون بین دو گروه اجرا گردید. 16 بیمار مبتلا به دچار سکته‌ی مغزی ایسکمیک به روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس از میان بیماران مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان الزهرای (س) اصفهان در سال 1393، انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه قرار گرفتند. گروه‌های مورد مطالعه شامل دو گروه آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی (8 = n) و آموزش یادآوری خاص (8 = n) بودند. مداخلات آموزشی بر روی دو گروه مورد مطالعه انجام شد و سپس، بیماران با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه‌ی حافظه‌ی آینده‌نگر گذشته‌نگر مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند.یافته‌ها: اندازه‌ی اثر آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی برابر 5/4 و اندازه‌ی اثر آموزش یادآوری خاص برابر 3/2 به دست آمد که نشان دهنده‌ی میزان تأثیر زیاد درمانی در هر دو گروه بود. در مقایسه‌ی نتایج دو گروه با آزمون ANCOVA، در نمره‌ی کل حافظه بین دو گروه تفاوت معنی‌داری یافت شد (05/0 > P) و علاوه بر این، در زیر مقیاس حافظه‌ی آینده‌نگر نیز بین دو گروه تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود داشت (05/0 > P).نتیجه‌گیری: مطابق یافته‌های این پژوهش، دو روش آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی و آموزش یادآوری خاص، منجر به بهبود حافظه‌ی بیماران دچار سکته‌ی مغزی ایسکمیک می‌شوند و روش آموزش ذهن‌آگاهی اثربخشی بیشتری بر حافظه‌ی آینده‌نگر دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Training and Memory Specificity Training on the Aspects of Memory in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

نویسندگان [English]

  • Negar Karimian 1
  • Hamid Taher Neshat-Doost 2
  • Karim Asgari 3
  • Hamid Reza Orayzi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Najafi 4
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, School of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background: Memory problems were reported to be among the most common cognitive disorders affecting patients with stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training and memory specificity training on the aspects of memory in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pre/posttest and two experimental groups was used in this study. 16 patients with ischemic stroke were selected via available sampling among patients referred to Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran, in 2014, and were randomly assigned into two equal groups. The groups were trained with either mindfulness training, or memory specificity training. Then, the patients were evaluated using Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ).Findings: The effect size was calculated as 4.5 and 2.3 for mindfulness training and memory specificity training, respectively, indicating marvelous effectiveness of treatment for both groups. There was significant difference between the two groups in total score of PRMQ according to ANCOVA test (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was significant difference between the two groups in prospective memory score (P < 0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings, mindfulness training and memory specificity training had increasing effect on memory in patients with ischemic stroke. Mindfulness training was more effective on the prospective memory.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mindfulness
  • Stroke
  • Memory
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